1 × 102 N/m2
1 × 103 N/m2
1 × 104 N/m2
1 × 105 N/m2
D. 1 × 105 N/m2
Plasticity
Ductility
Elasticity
Malleability
Cd⁴/D3n
Cd⁴/2D3n
Cd⁴/4D3n
Cd⁴/8D3n
Steel only
Concrete only
Steel and concrete both
None of these
In the middle
At the tip below the load
At the support
Anywhere
Area of cross-section of the column
Length and least radius of gyration of the column
Modulus of elasticity for the material of the column
All of the above
Young's modulus
Bulk modulus
Modulus of rigidity
Modulus of elasticity
Shear modulus
Section modulus
Polar modulus
None of these
l/8
l/4
l/2
l
v1/v2
v2/v1
(v1 + v2)/v1
(v1 + v2)/v2
Mild steel
Cast iron
Concrete
Bone of these
Constant volume
Constant temperature
Constant pressure
None of these
Axis of load
Perpendicular to the axis of load
Maximum moment of inertia
Minimum moment of inertia
Maximum calculated value
Minimum calculated value
Mean value
Extreme value
Two isothermals and two isentropic
Two isentropic and two constant volumes
Two isentropic, one constant volume and one constant pressure
Two isentropic and two constant pressures
Boyle
Charles
Joule
None of these
Otto cycle
Ericsson cycle
Joule cycle
Stirling cycle
Element
Compound
Atom
Molecule
(Net work output)/(Workdone by the turbine)
(Net work output)/(Heat supplied)
(Actual temperature drop)/(Isentropic temperature drop)
(Isentropic increase in temperature)/(Actual increase in temperature)
Short columns
Long columns
Weak columns
Medium columns
For a given compression ratio, both Otto and Diesel cycles have the same efficiency.
For a given compression ratio, Otto cycle is more efficient than Diesel cycle.
For a given compression ratio, Diesel cycle is more efficient than Otto cycle.
The efficiency of Otto or Diesel cycle has nothing to do with compression ratio.
Inversely proportional to two times
Directly proportional to
Inversely proportional to
None of these
Load/original cross-sectional area and change in length/original length
Load/ instantaneous cross-sectional area and loge (original area/ instantaneous area)
Load/ instantaneous cross-sectional area and change in length/ original length
Load/ instantaneous area and instantaneous area/original area
Brown coal
Peat
Coking bituminous coal
Non-coking bituminous coal
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of gas through one degree, at constant pressure
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of gas through one degree, at constant volume
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water through one degree
Any one of the above
Butt joint
Lap joint
Double riveted lap joints
All types of joints
Wood charcoal
Bituminous coal
Briquetted coal
None of these
Shear force changes sign
Shear force is maximum
Bending moment changes sign
Bending moment is maximum
0.086
1.086
1.086
4.086
Frequent heat treatment
Fatigue
Creep
Shock loading
800 K
1000 K
1200 K
1400 K