0° to 3°
3° to 10°
10° to 20°
20° to 30°
D. 20° to 30°
Increase in the effective rake angle and a decrease in the effective clearance angle
Increase in both effective rake angle and effective clearance angle
Decrease in the effective rake angle and an increase in the effective clearance angle
Decrease in both effective rake angle and effective clearance angle
Shaping
Casting
Forming
Hobbing
Made by cold pressing of aluminium oxide powder
Available in the form of tips
Brittle and have low bending strength
All of these
3500⁰C
3200⁰C
2900⁰C
2550⁰C
- 0.025, ±0.008
- 0.025, 0.016
- 0.009, ± 0.008
- 0.009, 0.016
Up milling
Down milling
Forming
Broaching
Hard and brittle materials
Soft and ductile materials
Hard and ductile materials
Soft and brittle materials
Up milling
Down milling
Face milling
End milling
30°
45°
60°
90°
0.25 to 0.75 percent
1.25 to 1.75 percent
3 to 4 percent
8 to 10 percent
Carbide tools
Heavy loads
Harder materials
All of these
Help in the movement of the sparks
Control the spark discharges
Act as coolant
All of these
Lip clearance angle
Helix angle
Point angle
Chisel edge angle
High temperature involved
Frequent wheel clogging
Rapid wheel wear
Low work piece stiffness
Increase in cutting temperature
Weakening of tool
Friction and cutting forces
All of these
Strength of the metal decreases but ductility increases
Both strength and ductility of the metal decreases
Both strength and ductility of the metal increases
Strength of the metal increases but ductility decreases
Equal to
Less than
More than
None of these
The diamond is the hardest tool material and can run at cutting speeds about 50 times that of high speed steel tool.
The ceramic tools can be used at cutting speeds 40 times that of high speed steel tools.
The cemented carbide tools can be used at cutting speeds 10 times that of high speed steel tools.
The ceramic tools can withstand temperature upto 600°C only.
5 m/min
10 m/min
15 m/min
30 m/min
Of maximum diameter 15 mm
In 15 mm thick plates
Having cross-sectional area of 15 mm²
None of these
Brittle metals
Ductile metals
Hard metals
Soft metals
Water
Soluble oil
Dry
Sulphurised mineral oil
Counter-boring
Grooving
Knurling
Facing
1 to 3 m/min
5 to 10 m/min
10 to 14 m/min
14 to 20 m/min
Equal to 30°
Less than 30°
More than 30°
None of these
Torch brazing
Dip brazing
Resistance brazing
Furnace brazing
Single start
Double start
Multi-start
Any one of these
V-threads
Whitworth threads
Buttress threads
Acme threads
Independent of index change gear ratio
Dependent on speed change gear ratio
Interrelated to index change gear ratio
Independent of speed and index change gear ratio
Chip thickness ratio
Forces during metal cutting
Wear of the cutting tool
Deflection of the cutting tool