Retaining wall
Breast wall
Buttress
Parapet wall
B. Breast wall
Water logged soils
Soft rocks
Compact soils
Multi-storeyed buildings
Draining sub-soil water
Ramming crushed stone in soil
Driving sand piles
Watering surface of soil
A combined footing is so proportioned that centre of gravity of supporting area coincides with centre of gravity of two column loads
A combined footing may be either rectangular or trapezoidal in shape
Trapezoidal shaped footings may be provided under any loading
All the above
Dead loads
Live loads
Wind loads
All of these
25 mm
40 mm
65 mm
100 mm
Three centred arch
Two centred arch
Lancet arch
Bull's eye arch
The underside of a stair
Outer projecting edge of a tread
A sloping member which supports the steps in a stair
A vertical member between two treads
Vertical wooden member on either end
Lower horizontal wooden member
Upper horizontal wooden member
Intermediate horizontal wooden member
Retaining wall
Breast wall
Buttress
Parapet wall
Copper sheets
Lead sheets
Aluminium sheets
All the above
Mosaic floor
Terrazzo floor
Chips floor
Marble floor
Baluster
Header
String
Beam
25 to 50 mm
30 to 125 mm
50 to 100 mm
75 to 125 mm
Spandril
Haunch
Springing
Soffit
Dormer window
Lantern window
Louvered window
Sky window
Dormer window
Sky light window
Lantern window
Louvered window
10 mm
20 mm
30 mm
40 mm
h/4
1/2 h
h
2 h
2 cm
4 cm
6 cm
8 cm
Lengths vary from 6 m to 12 m
Diameter of top of piles varies from 40 cm to 60 cm
Diameter of pile at bottom varies from 20 cm to 28 cm
All the above
Very hard soil
Cemented soil
Vary soft soil
All the above
In a king post truss, principal rafter and tie beams are jointed together with a bridle joint
Joint between the principal rafter and the king post is made by making tenon and mortise respectively
Joint between strut and king post, is generally of mortise and tenon type
All the above
Plaster of Paris
Barium plaster
Martin's cement
Keen's cement
Ground level and springing line
Crown and springing line
Crown and ground level
Intrados and extrados
Centring
Actual laying of arch work
Striking of centring
None of the above
9 cm × 9 cm × 9 cm
9 cm × 9 cm × 4.5 cm
9 cm × 4.5 cm × 9 cm
1.8 cm × 4.5 cm × 9 cm
D.P.C. should be continuous
D.P.C. should be of good impervious material
D.P.C. may be horizontal or vertical
All the above
Undergoes volumetric changes
Swells excessively when wet
Shrinks excessively when dry
All the above
The width of the wall is constructed thicker at the base in a stepped fashion
A long vertical load transferring concrete structure is called a concrete pile
In pile which transfers the load to the soil by the friction between the pile and the surrounding soil is called friction pile
The pile which transfers the load to a hard rock bed at certain depth is called load bearing
English bond
Flemish bond
Header bond
Stretcher bond