Shoring
Scaffolding
Underpinning
Jacking
A. Shoring
In header course
In stretcher course
In header course next to first brick
In stretcher course next to first brick
Shoring
Scaffolding
Underpinning
Jacking
Haunch
Spandril
Soffit
Rise
Horizontal D.P.C. is provided at plinth level in internal walls
D.P.C. is provided under door and verandah openings
Vertical D.P.C. is not provided in internal walls
Cement concrete is a rigid damp-proofing material
To support the frame work of the roof
To receive the ends of principal rafter
To prevent the walls from spreading outward
To prevent the tie beam from sagging at its centre
Is used to transfer heavy structural loads from steel columns to a soil having low bearing capacity
Is light and economical
Does not require deep cutting as the required base area with required pressure intensity is obtained at a shallow depth
All the above
Louver
Stop
Horn
Rebate
Finishing of concrete
Curing of concrete
Placing of concrete
Compaction of concrete
Stronger
More compact
Costly
None of the above
English bond
Flemish bond
Header bond
Stretcher bond
1/2 horizontal to 1 vertical
2/3 horizontal to 1 vertical
1 horizontal to 1 vertical
2 horizontals to 1 vertical
Dynamic formula
Static formula
Pile load tests
All the above
Ridge board
Hip rafter
Eaves board
Valley rafter
The width of the wall is constructed thicker at the base in a stepped fashion
A long vertical load transferring concrete structure is called a concrete pile
In pile which transfers the load to the soil by the friction between the pile and the surrounding soil is called friction pile
The pile which transfers the load to a hard rock bed at certain depth is called load bearing
Hardness test
Workability test
Weight test
Toughness test
20 tonnes/m2
40 tonnes/m2
50 tonnes/m2
60 tonnes/m2
Deodar and Shishum
Chir and sal
Sal and teak
Chir and deodar
Draining sub-soil water
Ramming crushed stone in soil
Driving sand piles
Watering surface of soil
Bay window
Casement window
Lantern window
Dormer window
Easy to handle
Lighter in weight
Extremely durable
All the above
Soffits
Voussoirs
Haunches
Spandrils
Shed roof
Gable end roof
Hipped roof
Gambrel roof
Haunch
Spandril
Voussoirs
Skewbacks
Header
Stretcher
Closer
None of these
55 cm
70 cm
85 cm
100 cm
Shoring
Underpinning
Jacking
Piling
Retaining wall
Breast wall
Buttress
Parapet wall
Purlin
Cleat
Batten
Strut
Baluster
Header
String
Beam
1 : 2
1 : 3
1 : 4
1 : 6