Who proposed the theory of cognitive dissonance, which suggests that individuals experience discomfort when their attitudes and behaviors are inconsistent?
Leon Festinger
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
Correct Answer :
A. Leon Festinger
Related Questions
Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in which children actively construct their understanding of the world through their experiences?
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow
What is the term for the phenomenon where a previously extinguished conditioned response reappears in the presence of a similar stimulus?
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
Extinction
Who is associated with the social-cognitive theory and the concept of reciprocal determinism?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
Jean Piaget
What is the term for the type of learning that occurs through observing and imitating the behavior of others?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational learning
Cognitive learning
Who is known for the classical conditioning experiment with dogs?
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
Which type of memory is responsible for storing information about facts and knowledge?
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Procedural memory
Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development is associated with the conflict of industry vs. inferiority?
Preschool age
School age
Adolescence
Young adulthood
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of rest or time without exposure to the conditioned stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Discrimination
Extinction
According to the concept of social loafing, what happens when individuals work in a group compared to when they work alone?
They tend to exert less effort in a group.
They tend to exert more effort in a group.
They exert the same level of effort in both situations.
Their effort is unpredictable and can vary.
What is the term for the process of encoding new information by associating it with information that is already stored in memory?
Chunking
Elaborative rehearsal
Maintenance rehearsal
Priming
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the influence of societal and cultural factors on behavior and mental processes?
Sociocultural
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
Cognitive
What is the term for the phenomenon where people are more likely to comply with a request after first agreeing to a smaller request?
Social facilitation
Door-in-the-face technique
Foot-in-the-door technique
Cognitive dissonance
Which type of therapy focuses on changing irrational or maladaptive thought patterns to improve emotional well-being?
Cognitive therapy
Behavioral therapy
Psychoanalytic therapy
Humanistic therapy
Which stage of sleep is characterized by the slowest brain waves and deepest level of sleep?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Which type of memory is responsible for recalling information about how to do things or perform specific tasks?
Sensory memory
Procedural memory
Semantic memory
Short-term memory
Who developed the concept of the collective unconscious and archetypes in personality theory?
Sigmund Freud
Carl Jung
Alfred Adler
Karen Horney
What is the term for the phenomenon where people are more likely to recall information that is at the beginning or end of a list?
Primacy effect
Recency effect
Serial position effect
Spacing effect
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary crisis of adolescence?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Which part of the brain is responsible for processing visual information?
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Frontal lobe
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?
Displacement
Rationalization
Projection
Regression
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
To transmit electrical signals
To receive signals from other neurons
To produce neurotransmitters
To cover and protect the axon
According to the Big Five personality traits, which trait is associated with being organized, responsible, and detail-oriented?
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Neuroticism
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for conserving energy and promoting relaxation?
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
According to Erikson's theory, what is the primary task of early childhood?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first in the sequence of experiencing an emotion?
Physiological arousal
Cognitive appraisal
Behavioral response
Emotional experience
What is the term for the process of encoding information based on its meaning and relationship to existing knowledge?
Semantic encoding
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Elaborative encoding
What is the term for the tendency to attribute other people's behavior to internal, dispositional factors while underestimating the influence of external, situational factors?
Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic
Who conducted the famous Little Albert experiment on classical conditioning?
John Watson and Rosalie Rayner
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
According to Erikson, what is the primary task of infancy (0-1 year)?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Who is known for the concept of the zone of proximal development and scaffolding in cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg