What is the term for the process of encoding information based on its meaning and relationship to existing knowledge?
Semantic encoding
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Elaborative encoding
Correct Answer :
A. Semantic encoding
Related Questions
Who proposed the theory of cognitive dissonance, which suggests that individuals experience discomfort when their attitudes and behaviors are inconsistent?
Leon Festinger
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?
Displacement
Rationalization
Projection
Regression
Who is known for the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy, which suggests that people's expectations can influence their behavior in such a way that it causes those expectations to come true?
Robert Merton
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
According to the stages of grief proposed by Elisabeth K�bler-Ross, which stage involves accepting the reality of the loss?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Acceptance
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first in the sequence of experiencing an emotion?
Physiological arousal
Cognitive appraisal
Behavioral response
Emotional experience
Who is known for the concept of the zone of proximal development and emphasized the importance of social interactions in learning?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Who is known for the classical conditioning experiment with dogs?
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
Which of the following best describes the placebo effect?
A phenomenon where participants' expectations or beliefs about a treatment influence their behavior or perception of an outcome.
The tendency for experimenters to unintentionally influence the results of a study.
A research design that involves giving participants a fake treatment to test the effectiveness of a real treatment.
The tendency for participants to withhold information from researchers.
According to Abraham Maslow, what is the highest level in the hierarchy of needs?
Esteem needs
Self-actualization
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for conserving energy and promoting relaxation?
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Who developed the concept of the collective unconscious and archetypes in personality theory?
Sigmund Freud
Carl Jung
Alfred Adler
Karen Horney
Who is known for the social cognitive theory and the concept of reciprocal determinism?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
Carl Rogers
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the influence of societal and cultural factors on behavior and mental processes?
Sociocultural
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
Cognitive
Who is known for the hierarchy of needs, which includes physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization needs?
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson
B.F. Skinner
According to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, which stage is associated with the focus on toilet training?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
According to the Big Five personality traits, which trait is associated with being organized, responsible, and detail-oriented?
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Neuroticism
Who is known for the concept of the self-concept and the distinction between the real self and the ideal self?
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
Erik Erikson
Albert Bandura
What is the term for the phenomenon where people are more likely to recall information that is at the beginning or end of a list?
Primacy effect
Recency effect
Serial position effect
Spacing effect
Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in which children actively construct their understanding of the world through their experiences?
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow
Which type of research design involves manipulating one or more independent variables to observe their effect on a dependent variable?
Experimental
Correlational
Descriptive
Observational
Which type of memory is responsible for storing information about facts and knowledge?
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Procedural memory
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a varying number of responses?
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Variable-interval
Which part of the brain is responsible for processing and integrating sensory information from all senses except smell?
Thalamus
Cerebellum
Medulla
Parietal lobe
What is the term for the tendency to remember information that supports one's pre-existing beliefs while ignoring or forgetting information that contradicts them?
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic
Anchoring and adjustment
Hindsight bias
Who is known for the concept of the zone of proximal development and scaffolding in cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Which type of memory is responsible for recalling facts and general knowledge about the world?
Procedural memory
Semantic memory
Episodic memory
Short-term memory
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
GABA
Who is known for the stages of moral development, which include pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional levels?
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Sigmund Freud
Who is known for the social learning theory and the concept of self-efficacy?
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
B.F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow
Which part of the brain is associated with processing and regulating emotions, especially those related to fear and aggression?
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Thalamus
Hypothalamus