Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the influence of societal and cultural factors on behavior and mental processes?
Sociocultural
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
Cognitive
Correct Answer :
A. Sociocultural
Related Questions
Who developed the stages of moral development, including the pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional levels?
Lawrence Kohlberg
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
According to the concept of social loafing, what happens when individuals work in a group compared to when they work alone?
They tend to exert less effort in a group.
They tend to exert more effort in a group.
They exert the same level of effort in both situations.
Their effort is unpredictable and can vary.
Who is known for the social cognitive theory and the concept of reciprocal determinism?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
Carl Rogers
Who developed the concept of the collective unconscious and archetypes in personality theory?
Sigmund Freud
Carl Jung
Alfred Adler
Karen Horney
Who is known for the social influence experiments involving conformity, where participants were asked to match line lengths?
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
John Darley
Which type of memory is responsible for recalling facts and general knowledge about the world?
Procedural memory
Semantic memory
Episodic memory
Short-term memory
Who is known for the concept of the self-concept and the distinction between the real self and the ideal self?
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
Erik Erikson
Albert Bandura
What is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information in memory often referred to as?
Perception
Learning
Cognition
Memory
According to Maslow, what is the term for the motivation to fulfill one's potential and become the best one can be?
Esteem needs
Self-actualization
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
What is the term for the phenomenon where people are more likely to recall information that is at the beginning or end of a list?
Primacy effect
Recency effect
Serial position effect
Spacing effect
What is the term for the tendency to remember information that supports one's pre-existing beliefs while ignoring or forgetting information that contradicts them?
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic
Anchoring and adjustment
Hindsight bias
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the process of gradually reducing the intensity of a conditioned stimulus while still obtaining the conditioned response?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Habituation
Who is known for the classical conditioning experiment with dogs?
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
What is the role of the amygdala in the brain?
Regulating body temperature
Processing emotions, especially fear and aggression
Controlling movement and coordination
Regulating sleep-wake cycles
Who is known for the theory of classical conditioning and the famous Little Albert experiment?
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first in the sequence of experiencing an emotion?
Physiological arousal
Cognitive appraisal
Behavioral response
Emotional experience
Which type of conditioning involves learning associations between stimuli and their consequences, leading to voluntary behaviors?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational conditioning
Reflexive conditioning
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and conflicts in shaping behavior?
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic
Humanistic
Cognitive
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a varying number of responses?
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Variable-interval
What is the correct sequence of stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
Preoperational, Sensorimotor, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
Formal Operational, Concrete Operational, Preoperational, Sensorimotor
Concrete Operational, Formal Operational, Preoperational, Sensorimotor
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first in the sequence of experiencing an emotion?
Physiological arousal
Cognitive appraisal
Behavioral response
Emotional experience
According to the stages of grief proposed by Elisabeth K�bler-Ross, which stage involves accepting the reality of the loss?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Acceptance
According to Freud's theory, which part of the personality operates on the principle of immediate gratification and is driven by the pleasure principle?
Ego
Superego
Id
Conscience
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
To transmit electrical signals
To receive signals from other neurons
To produce neurotransmitters
To cover and protect the axon
Who is known for the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy, which suggests that people's expectations can influence their behavior in such a way that it causes those expectations to come true?
Robert Merton
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
What is the term for the type of learning that occurs through observing and imitating the behavior of others?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational learning
Cognitive learning
In operant conditioning, what term is used to describe the process of weakening a behavior by removing a desired stimulus after the behavior occurs?
Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Shaping
According to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, which stage is associated with the focus on toilet training?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary crisis of adolescence?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Which type of research design involves observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without manipulation?
Experimental
Correlational
Descriptive
Survey