Who is known for the concept of the zone of proximal development and scaffolding in cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Correct Answer :
A. Lev Vygotsky
Related Questions
Who is known for the concept of the zone of proximal development and scaffolding in cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Which type of research design involves observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without manipulation?
Experimental
Correlational
Descriptive
Survey
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the influence of societal and cultural factors on behavior and mental processes?
Sociocultural
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
Cognitive
Which of the following best describes the placebo effect?
A phenomenon where participants' expectations or beliefs about a treatment influence their behavior or perception of an outcome.
The tendency for experimenters to unintentionally influence the results of a study.
A research design that involves giving participants a fake treatment to test the effectiveness of a real treatment.
The tendency for participants to withhold information from researchers.
What is the term for the phenomenon where a person's memory can be influenced by misleading information provided after an event?
Retroactive interference
Proactive interference
Misinformation effect
Source amnesia
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for activating the fight or flight response in stressful situations?
Central nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Who is known for the classical conditioning experiment with dogs?
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
According to the concept of social loafing, what happens when individuals work in a group compared to when they work alone?
They tend to exert less effort in a group.
They tend to exert more effort in a group.
They exert the same level of effort in both situations.
Their effort is unpredictable and can vary.
According to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, which stage is associated with the focus on the pleasure of the genitals?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
What is the correct sequence of stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
Preoperational, Sensorimotor, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
Formal Operational, Concrete Operational, Preoperational, Sensorimotor
Concrete Operational, Formal Operational, Preoperational, Sensorimotor
In operant conditioning, what term is used to describe the process of weakening a behavior by removing a desired stimulus after the behavior occurs?
Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Shaping
Who is known for the social influence experiments involving conformity, where participants were asked to match line lengths?
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
John Darley
Who is known for the theory of attachment, which emphasizes the importance of a secure emotional bond with a caregiver?
Mary Ainsworth
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lev Vygotsky
Which type of therapy focuses on changing irrational or maladaptive thought patterns to improve emotional well-being?
Cognitive therapy
Behavioral therapy
Psychoanalytic therapy
Humanistic therapy
Which type of memory is responsible for recalling facts and general knowledge about the world?
Procedural memory
Semantic memory
Episodic memory
Short-term memory
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary crisis of adolescence?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
According to the stages of grief proposed by Elisabeth K�bler-Ross, which stage involves accepting the reality of the loss?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Acceptance
Which type of research design involves manipulating one or more independent variables to observe their effect on a dependent variable?
Experimental
Correlational
Descriptive
Observational
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for conserving energy and promoting relaxation?
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
GABA
Who is known for the hierarchy of cognitive development stages, including the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages?
B.F. Skinner
Lev Vygotsky
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
According to Maslow, what is the term for the motivation to fulfill one's potential and become the best one can be?
Esteem needs
Self-actualization
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
Who is known for the theory of classical conditioning and the famous Little Albert experiment?
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
Who is known for the stages of moral development, which include pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional levels?
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Sigmund Freud
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a specific number of responses?
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Variable-interval
According to Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, what is the term for the process of observing and imitating the behavior of others?
Operant conditioning
Modeling
Classical conditioning
Extinction
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first in the sequence of experiencing an emotion?
Physiological arousal
Cognitive appraisal
Behavioral response
Emotional experience
What is the term for the phenomenon where people's behavior changes in response to the presence of others?
Social facilitation
Social loafing
Deindividuation
Groupthink
What is the term for the type of learning that occurs through observing and imitating the behavior of others?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational learning
Cognitive learning
Which type of conditioning involves learning associations between stimuli and their consequences, leading to voluntary behaviors?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational conditioning
Reflexive conditioning