Young's modulus
Coefficient of elasticity
Elastic limit
Endurance limit
D. Endurance limit
Equal to
sinα times more than
sinα times less than
cosecα times more than
Effective
Smallest
Largest
None of these
Reduce vibration
Reduce slip
Ensure uniform loading
Ensure proper alignment
Normalising
Full annealing
Process annealing
Spheroidising
Spigot and socket cotter joint
Sleeve and cotter joint
Gib and cotter joint
Any one of these
[(√P1 + √P2)/2]²
P1 + P2
2 × (P1 + P2)
[2 × (P1 + P2)] + Pc Where Pc is centrifugal tension
Increases
Decreases
Remains unchanged
None of these
Mild steel
Aluminium
Brass
Cast iron
Very serious in brittle materials and less serious in ductile materials
Very serious in ductile materials and less serious in brittle materials
Equally serious in both types of materials
Seriousness would depend on other factors
Varies linearly
Is uniform throughout
Varies exponentially, being more at the torque-input end
Varies exponentially, being less at the torque-input end
First type
Second type
Third type
Any one of these
2μ sinθ/(θ + sinθ)
μ sinθ/(2θ + sin 2θ)
4μ sinθ/(θ + sinθ)
4μ sinθ/(2θ + sin 2θ)
Have contact at the bottom most of the bearing
Move towards right of the bearing making no metal to metal contact
Move towards right of the bearing making the metal to metal contact
Move towards left of the bearing making metal to metal contact
Stiffness
Ductility
Resilience
Plasticity
Yes
No
Sometimes
Rarely
Spur gearing
Helical gearing
Bevel gearing
Spiral gearing
Gib of cotter joint
Sleeve and cotter joint
Spigot socket cotter joint
Knuckle joint
Crimped
Honed
Flared
Bent
Copper
Mild steel
Aluminium
Zinc
Base circle
Pitch circle
Addendum circle
Dedendum circle
10 m/s
12.5 m/s
15 m/s
20 m/s
Intersecting and the teeth are curved
Non-intersecting and nonparallel and the teeth are curved
Non-intersecting and non-parallel and the teeth are straight
None of the above
Static load
Dynamic load
Static as well as dynamic load
Completely reversed load
d
1.25 d
1.5 d
1.75 d
5°
8°
15°
25°
0.5 times
Equal to
2 times
Double
One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
A slot is cut partly is middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin spitted and bent in reverse direction at other end
1.06
1.12
1.26
1.58
Load lifted to the effort applied
Mechanical advantage to the velocity ratio
Load arm to the effort arm
Effort arm to the load arm
Pitch circle diameter × cosφ
Addendum circle diameter × cosφ
Clearance circle diameter × cosφ
Pitch circle diameter × sinφ