The Certainty Factor (CF) is a numeric value which tells us about how likely an event or a statement is supposed to be true.What is the range of this numeric value, i.e. Certainty Factor?
Between 0 to 1 (Both inclusive)
Between 0 to 1 (Both exclusive)
Between -1 to +1
None of the above
Correct Answer :
C. Between -1 to +1
The value of the Certainty factor lies between -1.0 to +1.0, where the negative 1.0 value suggests that the statement can never be true in any situation, and the positive 1.0 value defines that the statement can never be false.
Related Questions
There are various knowledge-based agent levels in AI. What are these levels?
a) Knowledge Level
b) Logical Level
c) Common Sense Level
d) Implementation Level
Options:
i. and ii.
i., ii. and iii.
ii. and iii.
iii. and iv.
Which of the mentioned Environment Classifications determine whether the environment variables are constant or keep changing?
Deterministic and non- Deterministic
Observable and partially-observable
Static and dynamic
All of the above
Which of the following are comprised within AI?
Machine Learning
Deep Learning
Both (1) and (2)
None of the above
Which of the following mentioned problems are CSP (Constraint Satisfactory Problems)?
a) N queens Problem
b) Crypt- arithmetic problem
c) Map coloring problem
d) Sudoku
Options:
Only iv.
All i., ii., iii. and iv.
ii. and iv.
None of the above
Which of the following statements correctly define knowledge representation in AI?
It is the way in which facts and information are stored in the storage system of the agent
It is the way in which we feed the knowledge in machine understandable form
We modify the knowledge and convert it into the format which is acceptable by the machine
All of the above
Consider the following statement:The Existential Quantifier is used at the places where only some part of the subject's population is to be defined under the predicate.By reading the above statement, what are the phrases for which the existential quantifier can be applied?
For all
For some
For every
All of the above
Which of the following is a valid AI agent type?
Simple based Reflex agent
Model Based Reflex Agent
Goal Based Agent
All of the above
Which of the following mentioned properties are valid for a Cryptarithmetic problem?
a) A number 0-9 is assigned to a particular alphabet.
b) Each different alphabet has a unique number.
c) All the same alphabets have the same numbers.
d) The numbers should satisfy all the operations that any normal number does.
Options:
Only iv.
All i., ii., iii. and iv.
ii. and iv.
None of the above
What does a first order predicate logic contain?
Predicate and a subject
Predicate and a Preposition
Subject and an object
None of the above
Consider the following statement:When we talk about perceiving information from the environment, then the main problem that arises is that there is always some uncertainty is our observations. This is because the world is an enormous entity and the surroundings that we take under study are not always well defined. So, there is needs to be an estimation taken for getting to any conclusion.Which among the following takes the best decisions in a situation with uncertainty?
AI based agents
Humans
Animals
None of the above
Which of the mentioned options are a part of 'planning' while solving a problem by an AI agent?
Deciding which data Structure to choose
Forming the control strategy
Inferring for similar problems in the knowledge base
All of the above
Which of the following is not a goal of an AI agent?
Perceiving data from the environment
Adapting to the environment and situations
Acting upon the Environment
Reversing the previously performed actions
Which of the following does not represent a valid environment type according to AI classification of environments?
Deterministic and non- Deterministic
Observable and partially-observable
Static and dynamic
Left sided and right sided
Consider the following statement:While solving a CSP (Constraint Satisfactory Problem), the agent cannot violate any of the rules and regulations or disobey the restrictions mentioned as the constraints.Which of the following problems do not fall under the category of CSP?
N- Queens Problem
Chess
Sudoku
None of the above
Which of the mentioned point correctly defines a quantifier in AI?
Quantifiers are numbers ranging from 0-9.
Quantifiers are the quantity defining terms which are used with the predicates.
Quantifiers quantize the term between 0 and 1.
None of the above
Which among the following does fuzzy logic refer to the most?
Probability
Inference
Heuristic Search
All of the above
Which among the following does fuzzy logic refer to the most?
Probability
Inference
Heuristic Search
All of the above
Consider the following statement:The Cryptarithmetic problem in Artificial Intelligence is a type of encryption problem in which the written message in an alphabetical form which is easily readable and understandable is converted into a numeric form which is neither easily readable nor understandable.By reading the above statement, what are the places where this technique can be applied?
To share passwords
To encode number plates of vehicles
To encode their names by students while filling the answer sheet
None of the above
Which of the mentioned properties of Constraint Satisfactory Problems dare valid?
Constraints are a set of restrictions and regulations
While solving a CSP, the agent cannot violate any of the rules and regulations or disobey the restrictions mentioned as the constraints
It also focuses on reaching to the goal state
All of the above
Which of the following hold in the Fuzzy Logic System? Choose from the following options?
a) Well defined inference making model
b) Complex Decision making can be easily performed
c) It is easily understandable
Only i.
i. and iii.
ii. and iii.
All i, ii. and iii.
Which of the mentioned points are valid reasons for uncertainty in the nature?
Partially observable environment
Dynamic nature of the environment
Inaccessible area in the environment
All of the above
Which if the following are valid methods used for decision making by an AI agent in situations of uncertainty? Choose from the following options?
a) Probabilistic theory
b) Fuzzy logic
c) Truth Maintenance
Only i.
i. and iii.
ii. and iii.
All i, ii. and iii.
The results that we get after we apply conditional probability to a problem are,
100% accurate
Estimated values
Wrong values
None of the above
How many types of quantifiers are there that are used to represent knowledge?
3 types
2 types
User can define as many quantifiers he wants
None of the above
There are two types of quantifiers used to quantify the statement in the knowledge representation in AI. What are these two types of quantifiers?
a) Universal Quantifiers
b) Subjective Quantifiers
c) Existential Quantifiers
d) Selective Quantifiers
Options:
i. and ii.
i. and iii.
ii. and iii.
iii. and iv.
Which of the following statements correctly defines the deductive logic in AI?
In deductive logic, the complete evidence is provided about the truth of the conclusion made
A top-down approach is followed
The agent uses specific and accurate premises that lead to a specific conclusion
All of the above
Provide the answer for the following Cryptarithmetic problem:SEND MORE MONEY
S=12; E=5; N=6; D=8; M=1; O=0; R=8; Y=2
S=9; E=5; N=6; D=7; M=1; O=0; R=8; Y=2
S=5; E=5; N=6; D=7; M=1; O=0; R=8; Y=2
S=9; E=5; N=9; D=7; M=1; O=0; R=8; Y=2
Which of the following is true with respect to uncertainty in AI systems?
Uncertainty arises when we are not 100 percent confident in our decisions
Whenever uncertainty arises, there is needs to be an estimation taken for getting to any conclusion
The AI agent should take certain decisions even in the situations of uncertainty
All of the above
Among which of the following mentioned statements can the Bayesian probability be applied?
a) In the cases, where we have one event
b) In the cases, where we have two events
c) In the cases, where we have three events
d) In the cases, where we have more than three events
Options:
Only iv.
All i., ii., iii. and iv.
ii. and iv.
Only ii.
The Maintenance system in the Truth maintenance method stores what?
Only valid data
Only invalid data
Both valid and invalid data
None of the above