Isolated footing is provided under column to transfer the load safely to soil bed
Column footings may have steps or projections in the concrete base
Heavily loaded column base must be provided steel reinforcement in both directions
All the above
10 %
15 %
20 %
25 %
25 to 50 mm
30 to 125 mm
50 to 100 mm
75 to 125 mm
Haunch
Spandril
Soffit
Rise
Coastal regions
Plain regions
Covering large areas
All of the above
Bearing capacity is low
Permeability is uncertain
Particles are cohesive
Property to undergo a volumetric change due to variation of moisture content
At the centre of the base
Within the middle third of the base
Within the middle fifth of the base
Neither (a), (b) nor (c)
20 tonnes/m2
40 tonnes/m2
50 tonnes/m2
60 tonnes/m2
A mortar joint having a concave finishing in brick masonry, is called keyed joint
A mortar joint projecting beyond the face of a masonry wall, is called tucked joint
A mortar joint having a recess in it, is called ruled joint
All the above
Cleat
Stop
Horn
None of these
The lowest layer consists of consolidated ground
A 10 cm thick clean sand is laid on consolidated ground
A 10 cm lime concrete (1 : 4 : 8) is laid on clean sand
A 10 cm thick cement concrete (1 : 2 : 4) is laid on top layer
Chamfered ashlar masonry
Ashlar facing masonry
Random coursed ashlar masonry
Coursed ashlar masonry
Combined footing
Strap footing
Raft footing
None of these
In soils that require lateral support
In cohesive soils
In soft soils
None of the above
Dynamic formula
Static formula
Pile load tests
All the above
Haunch
Spandril
Voussoirs
Skewbacks
5 cm
10 cm
15 cm
20 cm
wh × [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]
(wh/2) × [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]
wh × √[(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]
wh × √[(1 + sin φ)/(1 - sin φ)]
Equal to width of stairs
Half the width of stairs
Twice the width of stairs
One fourth the width of stairs
Hard rock
Moist clay
Soft rock
Coarse sandy soil
Bearing pile
Friction pile
Sheet pile
Battered pile
A tube of about 2 metres length and 20 cm diameter with a cutting edge
A flap valve at the bottom of tube is provided to extract the soil sample
The tube is raised and lowered by 4 thick rope moving over a pulley suspended on a tripod stand
All the above
Is the most primitive method for making a hole in the ground
Is generally employed in cohesive and other self soils above water table
Is most economical upto a depth of 5 metres
All the above
Walls having thickness more than 4 bricks
Architectural finish to the face work
Ornamental panels in brick flooring
All the above
25% to total area
30% of total area
40% to total area
50% of total area
The seismic method
Electrical resistivity method
Gravitational method
Both (a) and (b) of the above
1/2
1
2
1/4
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
5, 4, 3, 2, 1
2, 1, 3, 5, 4
3, 2, 5, 1, 4
H-pile
Screw pile
Disc pile
Pipe pile
Between ceiling and ground level
Between ceiling and floor level
Upto roof above ground level
Upto ceiling from the ground level