What is false concerning BPH and androgenic hormones?
the most potent androgenic hormones in BPH development is DHT
type-2 steroid 5 α-reductase, is most commonly found in the prostate
castrated individuals before puberty will not develop BPH
as a man ages, the number of androgen receptors in the prostate decreases
Correct Answer :
D. as a man ages, the number of androgen receptors in the prostate decreases
the number of androgen receptors in the prostate remains the same with aging.
Related Questions
How to manage priapism that occurs during endoscopic surgery?
corporal aspiration
corpora injection with an α-adrenergic agent
corpora injection with an α-adrenergic blocker
no treatment required
What is true regarding BPH and androgens?
as a man ages, the responsiveness of prostate cells to androgenic stimuli decreases
adrenal androgens have no role in BPH development
type-1 steroid 5 α-reductase is functionally active in the hair follicle
all of the above
In men with obstructive BPH, what will NOT resolve after TURP?
bladder trabeculation
significant PVR
low peak flow rate
high IPSS
On measuring the prostate volume during endoscopy:
each centimeter over the normal 2-cm prostate urethral length equates
an additional 12 g in prostate weight
each centimeter over the normal 2.5-cm prostate urethral length equates
an additional 10 g in prostate weight
Which drug reduces the incidence of prostate cancer by 23% with a small increase in high-grade tumor incidence?
cetrorelix
flutamide
dutasteride
zanoterone
Which statement is false concerning transurethral microwave therapy (TUMT) for BPH treatment:
induces nerve degeneration in the prostate and tissue necrosis
frequently results in transient urinary retention
frequently leads to erectile dysfunction
the high-energy platform is superior to the low-energy with regard to clinical efficacy
Complications related to obstructive BPH/LUTS include all of the following, EXCEPT:
bladder stones
prostate cancer
renal insufficiency
bladder diverticula
Prostatic nodules palpated on DRE might indicate:
tuberculous prostatitis
prostatic cancer
inspissated prostatic abscess
any of the above
Preferably, what is the last part of the prostate to be removed while performing TURP?
bladder neck
apex
median lobe
para-collecular
What drug prevents recurrent gross hematuria secondary to BPH?
enoxaparin
silodosin
finasteride
tolterodine
In men with LUTS, which of the following is NOT a compelling indication for upper urinary tract imaging?
urolithiasis
receiving chemotherapy
upper tract surgery
painless hematuria
BPH/LUTS patients when present with mild creatinine elevation, are advised to do:
total and free PSA
renal ultrasonography
creatinine clearance
uroflowmetry
The probability of developing acute urinary retention is related to:
the neurological status of the patient
PVR
severity of obstructive LUTS
all of the above
What class(es) of medications decrease(s) IPSS questionnaire points?
calcium channel blockers
antihistamines
antidepressants
cold medications containing pseudoephedrine
What is (are) the possible complication(s) of prostate stents?
hematuria and infections
migration and encrustation of the stent
irritative urinary symptoms and painful ejaculation
all of the above
What is false regarding prostate embolization for BPH?
the aim is to occlude the internal iliac vessels
there is a considerable radiation risk during the procedure
bilateral embolization provides better results
eye protection is not required
What can NOT be assessed during DRE?
sacral cord integrity
pelvic hematoma
pelvic floor muscle tenderness
prostatic median lobe hypertrophy
What is false concerning the diagnosis of BPH?
IPSS cannot be used to establish the diagnosis of BPH/LUTS
prostate biopsy is essential in diagnosing BPH and excluding cancers
PSA and uroflowmetry help diagnose the condition
none of the above
What prostatic lobe(s) can be assessed during DRE?
anterior
median
left lateral
all of the above
Which statement best describes the natural history of BPH:
worsening of LUTS and BPH over time
patients die of other reasons before serious complications occur
physically, the space of prostatic fossa limits the gland enlargement
ultimately, the gland will degenerate and undergo apoptosis
What is false concerning IPSS questionnaire?
is specific for prostate symptom
is a seven-question, self-administered questionnaire that yields a total score that ranges from 0 to 35
a sum of 20 on IPSS scale is severe
it covers both voiding and storage symptomatology
A 55 yrs. male patient with familial BPH, IPSS 9, PSA 23ng/ml, prostate size 31 cc, PVR 54 cc, on watchful waiting management. Next step should be:
tamsulosin 0.8 mg
reassurance
repeat total and free PSA
diagnostic cystoscopy
a. operation cost
smaller incisions with a shorter hospital stay
lower risk for blood transfusion
none of the above
. What is the first-line management of uncomplicated LUTS due to large prostate?
BPH patients with severe irritative symptoms or microscopic hematuria should:
go for urine cytology testing
go for PSA testing
go for TRUS
use anticholinergic medication
What is (are) the indication(s) to prescribe α-adrenergic inhibitors for BPH patients?
peak flow rate of ≤ 12 mL/sec
prostate volume > 40 ml
PSA > 1.5 ng/dL
b & c
In BPH patients, which of the following measures reduces PSA value by one-half?
2 weeks after performing prostatic urethral lift
6-month treatment with 5α-reductase inhibitors
after placing a stent in the prostatic urethra
immediately after removing one-half of the prostate by TURP
What is the initial response of the detrusor muscle to obstruction?
increased intravesical pressure
increased detrusor pressure
increase collagen deposition in the detrusor
detrusor smooth muscle hypertrophy
What is false concerning the pathogenesis of BPH?
intra-prostatic levels of estrogen decrease in men with BPH
stimulation of the adrenergic nervous system results in a dynamic increase in prostatic urethral resistance
inflammation may play a role through cytokines to promote cell growth
hyperplasia occurs due to an imbalance between cell death and cell proliferation
Open prostatectomy is preferred in treating BPH with:
sizable bladder stones
Hutch diverticulum
a suspicion of cancer
a & b
In BPH, the etiology of acute urinary retention includes:
prostatic infarction
prostate infection
bladder overdistention
all of the above