In BPH, the etiology of acute urinary retention includes:
prostatic infarction
prostate infection
bladder overdistention
all of the above
Correct Answer :
A. prostatic infarction
in general, a worsening of LUTS and BPH happens over time, exposing the patient to significant complications.
Related Questions
What is false concerning the diagnosis of BPH?
IPSS cannot be used to establish the diagnosis of BPH/LUTS
prostate biopsy is essential in diagnosing BPH and excluding cancers
PSA and uroflowmetry help diagnose the condition
none of the above
c. each centimeter over the normal 2.5-cm prostate urethral length equates
an additional 15 g in prostate weight
each centimeter over the normal 1.5-cm prostate urethral length equates
an additional 5 g in prostate weight
. When comparing suprapubic to retropubic prostatectomy for removing prostatic adenoma, the former allows:
The most serious drawback of anticholinergic drugs on BPH patients is:
renal insufficiency
urinary retention
dry mouth
painless hematuria
Which of the following is NOT classified as a complicated LUTS?
LUTS with neurologic disease
LUTS with post-void dribble
LUTS with suspicious DRE
LUTS with hematuria
What is true regarding the use of α-blockers and the development of Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS)?
complicates approximately 0.7% of cataract surgery cases
manifests as poor preoperative pupil dilation, iris prolapse, and progressive intraoperative miosis
it could persist long after the discontinuation of tamsulosin
intraoperative lidocaine reduces its incidence in patients taking α- adrenergic inhibitors
Complications related to obstructive BPH/LUTS include all of the following, EXCEPT:
bladder stones
prostate cancer
renal insufficiency
bladder diverticula
Preferably, what is the last part of the prostate to be removed while performing TURP?
bladder neck
apex
median lobe
para-collecular
In BPH patients, total PSA level correlates to:
the glandular component of the prostate
the IPSS questionnaire points
the PVR
the transitional zone volume
Which statement is false concerning transurethral microwave therapy (TUMT) for BPH treatment:
induces nerve degeneration in the prostate and tissue necrosis
frequently results in transient urinary retention
frequently leads to erectile dysfunction
the high-energy platform is superior to the low-energy with regard to clinical efficacy
In men with LUTS, which of the following is NOT a compelling indication for upper urinary tract imaging?
urolithiasis
receiving chemotherapy
upper tract surgery
painless hematuria
Which statement best describes the natural history of BPH:
worsening of LUTS and BPH over time
patients die of other reasons before serious complications occur
physically, the space of prostatic fossa limits the gland enlargement
ultimately, the gland will degenerate and undergo apoptosis
What is false regarding BPH genetics?
BPH is an inheritable and progressive disease
familial BPH presents at an older age when compared to sporadic cases
approximately 90% of men in their 80s have histologic evidence of BPH
BPH tends to be more severe and progressive in black men when compared to whites
Smooth muscle tension in the prostate is mediated by which receptors?
α1-a
α1-b
α2-a
α2-b
What is false concerning bladder and prostate histology in BPH?
obstruction results in bladder smooth muscle hypertrophy and myofibroblasts deposition
BPH occurs chiefly in the transitional zone and periurethral tissues
BPH microscopical changes begin in early thirties
histologic findings of chronic prostatitis are common in BPH
What class(es) of medications decrease(s) IPSS questionnaire points?
calcium channel blockers
antihistamines
antidepressants
cold medications containing pseudoephedrine
What is the capsular perforation rate in prostate vaporization surgery?
0.2 1%
1.2 2.1%
2.3 3.4%
3.7 5.6%
In BPH patients, which of the following measures reduces PSA value by one-half?
2 weeks after performing prostatic urethral lift
6-month treatment with 5α-reductase inhibitors
after placing a stent in the prostatic urethra
immediately after removing one-half of the prostate by TURP
What statement is true regarding post-void residual of urine (PVR)?
nearly all men have PVR of less than 12 ml
it predicts the outcome of surgical treatment
it correlates well with BPH/LUTS
it is diagnostic for bladder outlet obstruction
In BPH, the etiology of acute urinary retention includes:
prostatic infarction
prostate infection
bladder overdistention
all of the above
What is (are) the indication(s) to prescribe α-adrenergic inhibitors for BPH patients?
peak flow rate of ≤ 12 mL/sec
prostate volume > 40 ml
PSA > 1.5 ng/dL
b & c
What is false concerning TURP syndrome?
symptoms begin with a serum sodium of less than 120 mEq/L
the mortality is 2.7-5.8 %
manifestations rely on acute changes in the intravascular volume and plasma solute concentrations
the preferred height of irrigating fluid is 60 cm above the patient
What is false concerning the pathogenesis of BPH?
intra-prostatic levels of estrogen decrease in men with BPH
stimulation of the adrenergic nervous system results in a dynamic increase in prostatic urethral resistance
inflammation may play a role through cytokines to promote cell growth
hyperplasia occurs due to an imbalance between cell death and cell proliferation
TURP carries an incidence of retrograde ejaculation of:
62 - 78%
48 - 61%
79 - 93%
34 - 47%
IPSS decreases after successful TURP because:
PSA decreases
the prostate size decreases
the complaints resolve
the Q.O.L improves
On treating BPH, which procedure provides the best tissue preservation for pathological examination?
TURP
TUIP
HoLEP
HoLRP
PSA value has a strong correlation with:
IPSS
post void residual
prostate volume
Q-max at uroflowmetry
What can NOT be assessed during DRE?
sacral cord integrity
pelvic hematoma
pelvic floor muscle tenderness
prostatic median lobe hypertrophy
On treating BPH, which procedure carries the risk of morcellator injury to the bladder?
PVP
HoLEP
HoLRP
TUMT
The lowest re-treatment rate of BPH is for:
TUIP
TURP
HoLEP
HoLRP
BPH patients with severe irritative symptoms or microscopic hematuria should:
go for urine cytology testing
go for PSA testing
go for TRUS
use anticholinergic medication