Which of the mentioned rules are valid Inference rules?
Modus Ponens
Resolution
Backward Chaining
All of the above
Correct Answer :
D. All of the above
All the mentioned rules are valid inference rules. Apart from these, there are further many inference rules such as simplification, Addition, forward chaining, modus tollens, etc.
Related Questions
Which of the mentioned properties of Constraint Satisfactory Problems dare valid?
Constraints are a set of restrictions and regulations
While solving a CSP, the agent cannot violate any of the rules and regulations or disobey the restrictions mentioned as the constraints
It also focuses on reaching to the goal state
All of the above
In AI, we study the whole universe by dividing it into two components.What are these two components?
Sky and Land
Agent and environment
Yes or No
None of the above
Consider the following statement:The value of the Certainty factor lies between -1.0 to +1.0, where the negative 1.0 value suggests that the statement can never be true in any situation, and the positive 1.0 value defines that the statement can never be false.What does the value 0 denote for CF?
Half true Half False
Somewhat true but not entirely false
Agent has no information about the event
Both a. and b.
Which of the following agents is the best in terms of AI?
An agent which needs user inputs for solving any problem
An agent which can solve any problem on its own without any human intervention
An agent which needs an exemplary similar problem defined in its knowledge base prior to the actual problem
All of the above
Which of the following are the main tasks of an AI agent?
Movement and Humanly Actions
Perceiving and acting on the environment
Input and Output
None of the above
Among which of the following mentioned statements can the Bayesian probability be applied?
a) In the cases, where we have one event
b) In the cases, where we have two events
c) In the cases, where we have three events
d) In the cases, where we have more than three events
Options:
Only iv.
All i., ii., iii. and iv.
ii. and iv.
Only ii.
The Maintenance system in the Truth maintenance method stores what?
Only valid data
Only invalid data
Both valid and invalid data
None of the above
Which of the following classifications of the environment are valid?
Deterministic and non- Deterministic
Observable and partially-observable
Static and dynamic
All of the above
Fuzzy Logic is a convenient way of representing which of the following situations?
Partially True and Partially False
Completely True and Completely False
Both 1) and 2)
None of the above
On which of the mentioned points does the Conditional Probability reasonable to apply?
Dependent Events
Independent Events
Neither a. nor b.
Both a. and b.
The results that we get after we apply probabilistic reasoning to a problem are,
100% accurate
Estimated values
Wrong values
None of the above
Consider the following statement:The universal quantifier is used to define the whole subject population under the predicate.By reading the above statement, what are the phrases for which the universal quantifier can be applied?
For all
For each
For every
All of the above
Why do we want to implement the concept of Logic in an AI system?
So that the agent can have decision making capability
So that the agent can think and act humanly
So that the agent can apply the logic for finding the solution to any particular problem
All of the above
Which of the following are a deductive type of Inference rule?
Forward Chaining
Backward Chaining
Both a. and b.
None of the above
The Certainty Factor (CF) is a numeric value which tells us about how likely an event or a statement is supposed to be true.What is the range of this numeric value, i.e. Certainty Factor?
Between 0 to 1 (Both inclusive)
Between 0 to 1 (Both exclusive)
Between -1 to +1
None of the above
Among which of the following mentioned statements will the conditional probability be applied?
a) The number occurred on rolling a die one time.
b) What will the temperature tomorrow?
c) What card will get on picking a card from a fair deck of 52 cards?
d) What output will we get on tossing a coin once?
Options:
Only iv.
All i., ii., iii. and iv.
ii. and iv.
Only ii.
Which of the following is considered as the most powerful AI agent?
Simple based reflex agent
Model based reflex agent
Goal based agent
Utility based agent
How many types of quantifiers are there that are used to represent knowledge?
3 types
2 types
User can define as many quantifiers he wants
None of the above
On which of the mentioned points is the Bayesian theorem reasonable to apply?
Dependent Events
Independent Events
Neither a. nor b.
Both a. and b.
Which of the following mentioned properties are valid for a Cryptarithmetic problem?
a) A number 0-9 is assigned to a particular alphabet.
b) Each different alphabet has a unique number.
c) All the same alphabets have the same numbers.
d) The numbers should satisfy all the operations that any normal number does.
Options:
Only iv.
All i., ii., iii. and iv.
ii. and iv.
None of the above
In AI, the Logic is classified into two types: deductive and inductive. Which of the following approaches is followed up by the Inductive logic?
Top-down approach
Bottom-up approach
No specific approach
According to precedence
Which of the following mentioned problems are CSP (Constraint Satisfactory Problems)?
a) N queens Problem
b) Crypt- arithmetic problem
c) Map coloring problem
d) Sudoku
Options:
Only iv.
All i., ii., iii. and iv.
ii. and iv.
None of the above
Which if the following are valid methods used for decision making by an AI agent in situations of uncertainty? Choose from the following options?
a) Probabilistic theory
b) Fuzzy logic
c) Truth Maintenance
Only i.
i. and iii.
ii. and iii.
All i, ii. and iii.
Which of the mentioned properties of the Utility-based AI agent differentiates it from the rest of the AI agents?
Responding and providing solution to the problem
Meeting the preference of the user
Meeting the goal
All of the above
Consider the following statement:The Cryptarithmetic problem in Artificial Intelligence is a type of encryption problem in which the written message in an alphabetical form which is easily readable and understandable is converted into a numeric form which is neither easily readable nor understandable.By reading the above statement, what are the places where this technique can be applied?
To share passwords
To encode number plates of vehicles
To encode their names by students while filling the answer sheet
None of the above
What is the major problem for AI systems while solving the real world problems?
Uncertainty in Environment
Poor battery life of the system
Improper training time
All of the above
Which of the following mentioned statements are the valid reasons for implementing the learning part in the systems in AI?
To implement humanly behavior.
To deal with unknown environment.
To improve the reasoning capability of the agent.
All of the above
Which of the following statements correctly defines the deductive logic in AI?
In deductive logic, the complete evidence is provided about the truth of the conclusion made
A top-down approach is followed
The agent uses specific and accurate premises that lead to a specific conclusion
All of the above
There are two types of quantifiers used to quantify the statement in the knowledge representation in AI. What are these two types of quantifiers?
a) Universal Quantifiers
b) Subjective Quantifiers
c) Existential Quantifiers
d) Selective Quantifiers
Options:
i. and ii.
i. and iii.
ii. and iii.
iii. and iv.
Which of the mentioned point correctly defines a quantifier in AI?
Quantifiers are numbers ranging from 0-9.
Quantifiers are the quantity defining terms which are used with the predicates.
Quantifiers quantize the term between 0 and 1.
None of the above