Which type of reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Correct Answer :
B. Negative reinforcement
Related Questions
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
GABA
According to the stages of grief proposed by Elisabeth K�bler-Ross, which stage involves accepting the reality of the loss?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Acceptance
Which type of learning occurs when a previously extinguished response re-emerges after a period of time without reinforcement?
Spontaneous recovery
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Observational learning
Who is known for the social influence experiments involving conformity, where participants were asked to match line lengths?
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
John Darley
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary crisis of adolescence?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
According to Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, what is the term for the process of observing and imitating the behavior of others?
Operant conditioning
Modeling
Classical conditioning
Extinction
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?
Displacement
Rationalization
Projection
Regression
Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in which children actively construct their understanding of the world through their experiences?
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow
Which stage of sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements, increased brain activity, and vivid dreaming?
Stage 1
Stage 2
REM sleep
Deep sleep
According to the concept of social loafing, what happens when individuals work in a group compared to when they work alone?
They tend to exert less effort in a group.
They tend to exert more effort in a group.
They exert the same level of effort in both situations.
Their effort is unpredictable and can vary.
Which type of memory is responsible for recalling information about how to do things or perform specific tasks?
Sensory memory
Procedural memory
Semantic memory
Short-term memory
According to Erikson's theory, what is the primary task of early adulthood?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Who is known for the concept of the zone of proximal development and emphasized the importance of social interactions in learning?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a varying number of responses?
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Variable-interval
What is the term for the process of encoding information based on its meaning and relationship to existing knowledge?
Semantic encoding
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Elaborative encoding
What is the term for the phenomenon where people are more likely to comply with a request after first agreeing to a smaller request?
Social facilitation
Door-in-the-face technique
Foot-in-the-door technique
Cognitive dissonance
According to Erikson's theory, what is the primary task of early childhood?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Which part of the brain is responsible for processing visual information?
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Frontal lobe
What is the term for the phenomenon where a previously extinguished conditioned response reappears in the presence of a similar stimulus?
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
Extinction
Who is known for the classical conditioning experiment with dogs?
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
What is the term for the type of learning that occurs through observing and imitating the behavior of others?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational learning
Cognitive learning
According to Erikson, what is the primary task of infancy (0-1 year)?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own behavior to external, situational factors while underestimating the influence of internal, dispositional factors?
Confirmation bias
Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias
Availability heuristic
What is the term for the process of encoding new information by associating it with information that is already stored in memory?
Chunking
Elaborative rehearsal
Maintenance rehearsal
Priming
Who is known for the theory of attachment, which emphasizes the importance of a secure emotional bond with a caregiver?
Mary Ainsworth
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lev Vygotsky
Who is known for the concept of the self-concept and the distinction between the real self and the ideal self?
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
Erik Erikson
Albert Bandura
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the process of gradually reducing the intensity of a conditioned stimulus while still obtaining the conditioned response?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Habituation
Which stage of sleep is characterized by the slowest brain waves and deepest level of sleep?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
According to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, which stage is associated with the focus on toilet training?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
Who is known for the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy, which suggests that people's expectations can influence their behavior in such a way that it causes those expectations to come true?
Robert Merton
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram