Piercing
Spinning
Drawing
Extrusion
B. Spinning
Stainless steel
Graphite
Copper
Steel
Solid dispersed in gas
Solid dispersed in liquid
Liquid dispersed in gas
Gas dispersed in liquid
Aluminium
Tin
Lead
Both (B) & (C)
Increasing its cross-sectional area of flow
Passing it through a pressure reducing valve
Forcing it downwards through a vertical tube
None of these
200 BTU/minute
50 kcal/minute
50 kJ/sec
3.5 KW
Reduced chance of gas porosity
Greater dimensional stability of the casting
Uniform flow of molten metal into the mould cavity
Less sand expansion type of casting defect
High temperature heating medium (a petroleum product)
Product of coal tar distillation
Very heat sensitive material
None of these
Percentage elongation
Brinell hardness
Tensile strength
All 'a', 'b' & 'c'
Mild steel
Concrete
Cast iron
Asbestos cement
Grouting
Eyebolt
Anchor bolts
Refractory castables
Forward curved
Backward curved
Double curved
Radial or straight
Perspex (PMMA)
Teflon (PTFE)
Bakelite (phenol formaldehyde)
Polystyrene
Length of the pipe
Diameter of the pipe
Density of the fluid
Velocity of the fluid
10
50
200
1000
Suppress martensite transformation
Enhance its working performance in sub zero atmosphere
Reduce the retained austenite in hardened steel
Induce temper brittleness after its hardening
Ductile fracture of a stressed material, which exhibits a large plastic deformation is commonly caused by the formation and coalescence of voids in the necked region
Brittle fracture is caused by the propagation of pre-existing cracks in the material and involves minimum plastic deformation
Fatigue fracture of a material is always brittle in nature and takes place due to the existence of line imperfections
Brittle materials are generally tested in tension
Cementite
Pearlite
Martensite
Ferrite
Same crystalline structure
Same valency
Widely differing electronegativity
Same atomic sizes
Machinability
Density
Strength
Plastic deformation
Elaiden test
Reichert-Meissl value test
Hunter value test
Iodine value test
Storm
Rain
Clear weather
Cold wave
4.4
5.6
8.4
2.4
Nickel
Vanadium
Molybdenum
Chromium
Sand
Magnesium silicate
Calcium silicate
Iron pyrite
A, C, B, D
D, B, C, A
D, C, B, A
D, A, B, C
Decreases & increases
Increases & increases
Increases & decreases
Decreases & decreases
20
60
120
∞
Pipe length
Pipe roughness
Fluid density & viscosity
Mass flow rate of fluid
Equal to
Greater than
Less than
Either (A), (B) or (C); depends on the size of atom
Hot temper
Hot hardness
Fatigue
Creep