Tempering
Chromising
Aluminising
Alloying
A. Tempering
Grouting
Eyebolt
Anchor bolts
Refractory castables
Ductile fracture of a stressed material, which exhibits a large plastic deformation is commonly caused by the formation and coalescence of voids in the necked region
Brittle fracture is caused by the propagation of pre-existing cracks in the material and involves minimum plastic deformation
Fatigue fracture of a material is always brittle in nature and takes place due to the existence of line imperfections
Brittle materials are generally tested in tension
Ammonium phosphate
Calcium phosphate
Animal charcoal
Ammonium sulphate
Silver nitrate
Silver halide
Calcium silicate
Metallic silver
Nickel
Cobalt
Vanadium
Platinum
1 kg/cm2
1 bar
1 atmosphere
1 kilo Pascal
20
200
500
2000
Ferromagnetic
Semi-conductor
Paramagnetic
Ferroelectric
Mild steel
Copper
Soft iron
Stainless steel
Frequency counter
Tachometer
Strobometer
Speedometer
70 & 30
30 & 70
50 & 50
90 & 10
As tiny gas bubbles
In the atomic form
In the ionic form
In the molecular form
Molecules with symmetrical arrangements (e.g. CH4 or CCl4) are non-polar
Generally, non-polar compounds are chemically inactive, conduct electricity poorly and do not ionise
Most of the hydrocarbons are non-polar
None of these
5
15
30
45
Gas
Arc
Thermit
Resistance
Decrease in the viscosities of both liquids & gases
Increase in the viscosities of both liquids & gases
Increase in the viscosity of liquids and decrease in that of gases
Decrease in the viscosity of liquids and increase in that of gases
Arsenides of heavy metals
Antimonides of heavy metals
Arsenides & antimonides of heavy metals
Iron, cobalt and nickel
723
959
1147
1493
7 and 30
10 and 50
2 and 50
13 and 55
Pipe roughness & pipe diameter
Fluid velocity
Type of flowing fluid
Both 'b' & 'c'
Thermit
Electrical resistance
Oxy-acetylene
Any of these
High vacuum
Zero pressure
0°K
Earth's centre
150-300
400-500
650-800
1000-1100
High viscosity
Low surface tension
High density
High surface tension
Final control element
On-off control
Floating control action
None of these
Crystallise faster
Resist greater tensile stress at room temperature
Have higher melting temperature
Are better conductor of electricity at higher temperature
α-rays
β-rays
Gamma rays & neutrons
Electrons
Decreases but dew point remains constant
Increases but dew point remains constant
Increases & the dew point decreases
Decreases & the dew point increases
Paper
Cloth
Lead
Aluminium
10 atm-1
105 atm-1
10 (dimensionless)
105 (dimensionless)