Who is known for the theory of classical conditioning and the famous Little Albert experiment?
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
Correct Answer :
A. John Watson
Related Questions
What is the term for the phenomenon where people are more likely to comply with a request after first agreeing to a smaller request?
Social facilitation
Door-in-the-face technique
Foot-in-the-door technique
Cognitive dissonance
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own behavior to external, situational factors while underestimating the influence of internal, dispositional factors?
Confirmation bias
Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias
Availability heuristic
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the influence of societal and cultural factors on behavior and mental processes?
Sociocultural
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
Cognitive
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a varying number of responses?
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Variable-interval
Which type of therapy focuses on changing irrational or maladaptive thought patterns to improve emotional well-being?
Cognitive therapy
Behavioral therapy
Psychoanalytic therapy
Humanistic therapy
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the process of gradually reducing the intensity of a conditioned stimulus while still obtaining the conditioned response?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Habituation
Who is known for the social learning theory and the concept of self-efficacy?
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
B.F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and conflicts in shaping behavior?
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic
Humanistic
Cognitive
Which type of conditioning involves learning associations between behaviors and their consequences?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational conditioning
Reflexive conditioning
What is the term for the process of encoding information based on its meaning and relationship to existing knowledge?
Semantic encoding
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Elaborative encoding
What is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information in memory often referred to as?
Perception
Learning
Cognition
Memory
Which type of reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
According to the attachment theory, what term is used to describe the type of attachment where a child is distressed when a caregiver leaves but is easily comforted upon their return?
Secure attachment
Avoidant attachment
Anxious-ambivalent attachment
Disorganized attachment
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of rest or time without exposure to the conditioned stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Discrimination
Extinction
Who developed the concept of the collective unconscious and archetypes in personality theory?
Sigmund Freud
Carl Jung
Alfred Adler
Karen Horney
In operant conditioning, what term is used to describe the process of weakening a behavior by applying an unpleasant stimulus after the behavior occurs?
Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Shaping
According to Erikson's theory, what is the primary task of early childhood?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
What is the term for the phenomenon where a previously extinguished conditioned response reappears in the presence of a similar stimulus?
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
Extinction
Who proposed the theory of cognitive dissonance, which suggests that individuals experience discomfort when their attitudes and behaviors are inconsistent?
Leon Festinger
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary crisis of late adulthood?
Integrity vs. Despair
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Who is known for the theory of attachment, which emphasizes the importance of a secure emotional bond with a caregiver?
Mary Ainsworth
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lev Vygotsky
Who is associated with the social-cognitive theory and the concept of reciprocal determinism?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
Jean Piaget
What is the term for the tendency to remember information that supports one's pre-existing beliefs while ignoring or forgetting information that contradicts them?
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic
Anchoring and adjustment
Hindsight bias
Who is known for the social influence experiments involving conformity, where participants were asked to match line lengths?
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
John Darley
Which part of the brain is associated with decision-making, impulse control, and personality?
Amygdala
Prefrontal cortex
Hippocampus
Medulla
Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in which children actively construct their understanding of the world through their experiences?
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow
Which type of memory is responsible for recalling facts and general knowledge about the world?
Procedural memory
Semantic memory
Episodic memory
Short-term memory
According to Erikson, what is the primary task of late childhood (6-11 years)?
Industry vs. Inferiority
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Which type of learning occurs when a previously extinguished response re-emerges after a period of time without reinforcement?
Spontaneous recovery
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Observational learning
Who is known for the theory of multiple intelligences, which proposes that there are different types of intelligence beyond traditional measures like IQ?
Howard Gardner
Alfred Binet
David Wechsler
Charles Spearman