According to Freud's theory, which part of the personality operates on the principle of immediate gratification and is driven by the pleasure principle?
Ego
Superego
Id
Conscience
Correct Answer :
C. Id
Related Questions
In operant conditioning, what term is used to describe the process of weakening a behavior by applying an unpleasant stimulus after the behavior occurs?
Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Shaping
What is the term for the phenomenon where a previously extinguished conditioned response reappears in the presence of a similar stimulus?
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
Extinction
What is the correct sequence of stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
Preoperational, Sensorimotor, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
Formal Operational, Concrete Operational, Preoperational, Sensorimotor
Concrete Operational, Formal Operational, Preoperational, Sensorimotor
What is the term for the tendency to remember information that supports one's pre-existing beliefs while ignoring or forgetting information that contradicts them?
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic
Anchoring and adjustment
Hindsight bias
What is the term for the phenomenon where people's behavior changes in response to the presence of others?
Social facilitation
Social loafing
Deindividuation
Groupthink
According to Erikson, what is the primary task of infancy (0-1 year)?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Which stage of sleep is characterized by the slowest brain waves and deepest level of sleep?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Which type of conditioning involves learning associations between stimuli and their consequences, leading to voluntary behaviors?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational conditioning
Reflexive conditioning
What is the term for the process of encoding information based on its meaning and relationship to existing knowledge?
Semantic encoding
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Elaborative encoding
Which type of conditioning involves learning associations between behaviors and their consequences?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational conditioning
Reflexive conditioning
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?
Displacement
Rationalization
Projection
Regression
Who is known for the theory of multiple intelligences, which proposes that there are different types of intelligence beyond traditional measures like IQ?
Howard Gardner
Alfred Binet
David Wechsler
Charles Spearman
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and conflicts in shaping behavior?
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic
Humanistic
Cognitive
According to the concept of social loafing, what happens when individuals work in a group compared to when they work alone?
They tend to exert less effort in a group.
They tend to exert more effort in a group.
They exert the same level of effort in both situations.
Their effort is unpredictable and can vary.
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for conserving energy and promoting relaxation?
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
According to the attachment theory, what term is used to describe the type of attachment where a child is distressed when a caregiver leaves but is easily comforted upon their return?
Secure attachment
Avoidant attachment
Anxious-ambivalent attachment
Disorganized attachment
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first in the sequence of experiencing an emotion?
Physiological arousal
Cognitive appraisal
Behavioral response
Emotional experience
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
GABA
Who developed the stages of moral development, including the pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional levels?
Lawrence Kohlberg
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Which type of learning occurs when a previously extinguished response re-emerges after a period of time without reinforcement?
Spontaneous recovery
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Observational learning
Who conducted the famous Little Albert experiment on classical conditioning?
John Watson and Rosalie Rayner
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
What is the term for the phenomenon where people are more likely to comply with a request after first agreeing to a smaller request?
Social facilitation
Door-in-the-face technique
Foot-in-the-door technique
Cognitive dissonance
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary crisis of late adulthood?
Integrity vs. Despair
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Who is associated with the social-cognitive theory and the concept of reciprocal determinism?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
Jean Piaget
Who is known for the classical conditioning experiment with dogs?
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
What term is used to describe the process of encoding information by forming associations or links between new information and existing knowledge?
Chunking
Elaborative rehearsal
Maintenance rehearsal
Priming
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary crisis of adolescence?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
What is the term for the phenomenon where a person's memory can be influenced by misleading information provided after an event?
Retroactive interference
Proactive interference
Misinformation effect
Source amnesia
Who is known for the social influence experiments involving conformity, where participants were asked to match line lengths?
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
John Darley
Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in which children actively construct their understanding of the world through their experiences?
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow