Which type of research design involves manipulating one or more independent variables to observe their effect on a dependent variable?
Experimental
Correlational
Descriptive
Observational
Correct Answer :
A. Experimental
Related Questions
Which type of memory is responsible for storing information about facts and knowledge?
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Procedural memory
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a varying number of responses?
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Variable-interval
Which type of reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Which type of therapy focuses on changing irrational or maladaptive thought patterns to improve emotional well-being?
Cognitive therapy
Behavioral therapy
Psychoanalytic therapy
Humanistic therapy
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
To transmit electrical signals
To receive signals from other neurons
To produce neurotransmitters
To cover and protect the axon
In operant conditioning, what term is used to describe the process of weakening a behavior by removing a desired stimulus after the behavior occurs?
Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Shaping
Which type of research design involves manipulating one or more independent variables to observe their effect on a dependent variable?
Experimental
Correlational
Descriptive
Observational
What is the term for the process of encoding information based on its meaning and relationship to existing knowledge?
Semantic encoding
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Elaborative encoding
What is the term for the process of encoding new information by associating it with information that is already stored in memory?
Chunking
Elaborative rehearsal
Maintenance rehearsal
Priming
Who is known for the hierarchy of needs, which includes physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization needs?
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson
B.F. Skinner
According to Maslow, what is the term for the motivation to fulfill one's potential and become the best one can be?
Esteem needs
Self-actualization
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
What is the term for the tendency to attribute other people's behavior to internal, dispositional factors while underestimating the influence of external, situational factors?
Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic
According to the attachment theory, what term is used to describe the type of attachment where a child is distressed when a caregiver leaves but is easily comforted upon their return?
Secure attachment
Avoidant attachment
Anxious-ambivalent attachment
Disorganized attachment
According to Erikson's theory, what is the primary task of early adulthood?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
What term is used to describe the process of encoding information by forming associations or links between new information and existing knowledge?
Chunking
Elaborative rehearsal
Maintenance rehearsal
Priming
Which part of the brain is associated with processing and regulating emotions, especially those related to fear and aggression?
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Who is known for the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy, which suggests that people's expectations can influence their behavior in such a way that it causes those expectations to come true?
Robert Merton
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
Which part of the brain is associated with decision-making, impulse control, and personality?
Amygdala
Prefrontal cortex
Hippocampus
Medulla
According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first in the sequence of experiencing an emotion?
Physiological arousal
Cognitive appraisal
Behavioral response
Emotional experience
Which type of learning occurs when a previously extinguished response re-emerges after a period of time without reinforcement?
Spontaneous recovery
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Observational learning
What is the term for the phenomenon where a previously extinguished conditioned response reappears in the presence of a similar stimulus?
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
Extinction
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of rest or time without exposure to the conditioned stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Discrimination
Extinction
According to the concept of social loafing, what happens when individuals work in a group compared to when they work alone?
They tend to exert less effort in a group.
They tend to exert more effort in a group.
They exert the same level of effort in both situations.
Their effort is unpredictable and can vary.
What is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information in memory often referred to as?
Perception
Learning
Cognition
Memory
Who conducted the famous Little Albert experiment on classical conditioning?
John Watson and Rosalie Rayner
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
Who is known for the concept of the zone of proximal development and emphasized the importance of social interactions in learning?
Abraham Maslow
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for conserving energy and promoting relaxation?
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Who is known for the concept of the self-concept and the distinction between the real self and the ideal self?
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
Erik Erikson
Albert Bandura
In operant conditioning, what term is used to describe the process of weakening a behavior by applying an unpleasant stimulus after the behavior occurs?
Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Shaping
Which type of memory is responsible for recalling information about how to do things or perform specific tasks?
Sensory memory
Procedural memory
Semantic memory
Short-term memory