What statement is false concerning the use of desmopressin (DDAVP) in renal colic patients?
it causes reduction in the mean intra-ureteral pressure
it reduces the pain of acute renal colic
it has a direct relaxing effect on the renal pelvis and ureteral musculature
it is indicated when stones are ≤ 4 mm in diameter
Correct Answer :
D. it is indicated when stones are ≤ 4 mm in diameter
indicated in all stone sizes causing renal colic.
Related Questions
Ureteral stones of ≥ 7 mm:
should be treated with more analgesics
must undergo metabolic worked out
are unlikely to pass out spontaneously
chemolysis should be tried first
How does oral Mg.citrate inhibit Ca.oxalate stone formation?
by lowering urinary saturation of Ca.oxalate
by preventing heterogeneous nucleation of Ca.oxalate
by inhibiting spontaneous precipitation and agglomeration of Ca.oxalate
by all of the above
What is the least likely condition to form bladder stones?
spinal cord injury
senile enlargement of prostate
augmented bladder
neurogenic hyper-reflexive bladder
What is the incidence risk of ureteral strictures following ureteroscopy?
3 6 %
12 15 %
0.4 0.8 %
0.09 0.14 %
When urine reaches a high tendency to form stones, the situation is called:
lithogenic anion to cation ratio
Randall cut off
saturation index
solubility product
What is (are) the indication(s) of using DJ ureteral catheters?
to stent the ureter after ureteral surgery
to facilitate stone passage
after a tough ureteroscopy procedure
all of the above
Which of the following factors, positively, affect lower calyceal stone clearance after ESWL?
short and wide infundibulum
large lower-pole infundibulo-pelvic angle
the adjunct usage of PCNL
all of the above
What is the preferred drug for medical expulsive therapy for lower ureteral stones?
furosemide
tamsulosin
nifedipine
diclofenac
What is the unfavorable stone characteristic for a rigid URS treatment?
size of 5 mm
location at the lower calyx
density of 400 HU
being recurrent
What kind of stones is more likely to recur with infections if not removed completely?
urate
triple phosphate
oxalate monohydrate
matrix
What type of stones do laxative abusers might develop?
ammonium urate
sodium urate
calcium oxalate
calcium phosphate
What is the most favorable stone characteristic for PCNL treatment?
≥ 2 cm diameter
upper calyx location
Na.urate composition
600 - 800 HU density
For how long a completely obstructed ureter could be respited with no expected permanent damage to renal functions?
2 days
2 weeks
2 months
4 6 hrs.
What is false concerning neonatal nephrolithiasis?
frequently caused by loop diuretics
stones are often radiolucent
may be reversed by the use of thiazides
low calcium-to-creatinine ratio predicts stones resolution
What is false concerning PCNL in horseshoe kidneys?
the preferred access into the collecting system is through a posterior calyx
the posterior calyceal group is typically more medial than in the normal kidney
in most cases the lower pole calyces are posterior
it is desirable to make an upper pole collecting system puncture
A 24-hr urine collection of a recurrent Ca. oxalate stone former patient having Crohn`s disease might reveal:
high citrate, high oxalate
low citrate, low oxalate
high citrate, low oxalate
low citrate, high oxalate
What congenital anomaly is unlikely to result in stone formation?
left ureterocele
bifid right renal pelvis
neurogenic bladder
bilateral UPJ stenosis
Two weeks of prolonged wound drainage after a non-stented Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty. What would be next step in the management?
watchful waiting
open surgical correction
IVU with possible endoscopic ureteral stenting
perc. nephrostomy tube insertion
As per the fixed particle theory of stone formation:
the initial step is papillary plaque formation
crystals formation occurs inside the nephron
tubular precipitates form harmless crystalluria
the attraction of organic compounds and activation crystallization is regulated by osteopontin
What type of shockwaves is generated by spark-gap technology?
piezoelectric
electrohydraulic
electromagnetic
microexplosive
Why do patients with cystic fibrosis form stones?
because urine and body secretions are highly concentrated
due to renal leak hypercalciuria
as a result of distal renal tubular acidosis type I
because of reduced or absent of oxalobacter formigenes colonization
Which of the following dietary advice is recommended for Ca.oxalate stone formers?
limit beef, chicken, pork, eggs, fish, shellfish, and other animal proteins
limit beans, nuts, chocolate, coffee, dark green vegetables, and soda
limit canned, packaged, and fast foods
limit milk, cheese, and other dairy products
Invasive intervention in stone patients is NOT indicated in the following condition:
stone size
unrelieved obstruction
infection and septicemia
recurrent stone formation
What is true concerning primary hyperparathyroidism and stone formation?
orthophosphates may have a role in the treatment
hyperparathyroidectomy and levothyroxine replacement is the optimum treatment
management includes Calcium chelating agent and repeat 24hr urine collection in 3 months
surgical excision of the adenoma(s) is the treatment of choice
What is the most important parameter that determines the treatment modality of a kidney stone?
stone chemical composition
stone burden
first stone vs. recurrent
stone density
Which event is unlikely to occur after placing a DJ ureteral stent?
can be forgotten in place
vesico-renal reflux
calyceal perforation
detrusor irritability and/or hematuria
What is false concerning the use of antibiotics in stone patients?
they are mandatory when urine shows ≥ 10 WBCs/hpf in symptomatic patients
they aim at treating pyonephrosis and urosepsis
they should cover Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Proteus, and Klebsiella species
All of the above
What is false concerning prostatic stones?
composed of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate
the vast majority are asymptomatic
most of the calculi are found in the transitional zone
they dont affect PSA levels
What bowel surgery could result in enteric hyperoxaluria?
right hemicolectomy
small bowel resection
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
b & c
What sequence of ureteral parts represents the most to least favorable stone response to ESWL treatment?
upper, lower, mid
lower, upper, mid
mid, upper, lower
mid, lower, upper