What is false concerning chronic orchialgia syndrome?
it is a constant or intermittent pain of testes for more than 3 months
could be due to appendix testis torsion-detorsion
could be due to radiculitis resulting from a degenerative lesion in the thoraco-lumber vertebrae
could be a result of entrapment neuropathy of ilioinguinal or genitofemoral nerve
Correct Answer :
B. could be due to appendix testis torsion-detorsion
the probabilities of appendix testis torsion detorsion have not been proposed.
Related Questions
Asymptomatic bacteriuria should be treated in the following situations:
in the elderly
in long-term catheterized patient
in pregnancy
none of the above
Epididymal cysts are common in the following conditions,
EXCEPT:
von Hippel-Lindau disease
tuberous sclerosis
cystic fibrosis
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
What is false concerning emphysematous cystitis?
the hallmark in the diagnosis is the cystoscopic findings
risk factors include transplant recipients
CT shows intramural and/or intraluminal gas in the bladder
requires surgical debridement and probably cystectomy
What type of bladder cells secretes antiproliferative factor?
bladder epithelial cells
type C nerve endings in the bladder
type A delta nerve endings in the bladder
the innermost longitudinal fibres of detrusor muscle
What condition does NOT present as an acute loin pain with fever and marked flank tenderness?
ascending UTI causing acute lobar nephronia
acute pyelonephritis in a transplanted kidney
infected renal subcapsular hematoma
perinephric abscess causing septicemia
What is false regarding the etiology and treatment of orchialgia syndrome?
small indirect inguinal hernia may irritate the genital branch of genitofemoral nerve causing orchialgia
might respond to a selective nerve block
the recommended treatment is orchiectomy with implantation of a testicular prosthesis
psychotherapy and stress management might alleviate the pain
What is the bladder`s first-line defense against infections?
natural sloughing of bladder mucosa
voiding
urine osmolarity
urine pH
What type of human Herpes virus is implicated in all forms of Kaposi sarcoma?
2
6
7
8
What group of patients should be treated for UTI only when symptomatic?
patients with indwelling catheters
neurogenic bladder patients on CIC
pregnant women
children under 5 years
What is the earliest clinical finding of urosepsis?
elevated body temperature
dropped blood pressure
elevated heart rate
reduced urine output
What are the most commonly affected organs by genitourinary tuberculosis?
kidneys, prostate and epididymi
bladder, ureters and renal pelvis
vasa, scrotum and adrenals
testes, bladder neck and seminal vesicles
What is true concerning granulomatous inflammation of the prostate?
is a common cause of elevated PSA level
might follow BCG treatment
is sequelae of untreated type III-b prostatitis
shows homogenous enhancement following Gd-DTPA on prostate MRI
Screening for bacteriuria is mostly indicated for:
seniors house residents
ICU patients with indwelling urinary catheters
pregnant women
neurogenic bladder patients on CIC
What is false concerning UTI in long-term care facilities?
in catheterized individuals, entry of bacteria into the bladder is facilitated by the bacterial glycocalyx biofilm
infection cannot be reliably distinguished from bacteriuria by lab tests
co-trimoxazole is the preferred antibiotic for empiric therapy
symptomatic UTI may be a diagnosis of exclusion
What is false about urinary catheters?
condom catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to urethral
suprapubic catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to urethral
latex catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to silicon
intermittent catheterization carry less risk of UTI if compared to indwelling catheters
What is the percentage of occurrence of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in symptomatic lower UTIs in young sexually active females?
5%
10%
15%
20%
Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for BPS/IC?
substitution cystoplasty and continent diversion
fulguration of a Hunner`s ulcer or hydrodistention
intravesical installation of silver nitrate or dimethyl sulfoxide
low dose external beam irradiation
Patients with bladder pain syndrome have:
a history of repeated urologic and/or gynecologic procedures
10 fold higher incidence of childhood voiding problems
4 fold higher incidence of anxiety-depression syndrome
6 fold higher incidence of psychosomatic disorders
What is the proper term to describe high bacterial count in urine without pus?
asymptomatic bacteriuria
sterile pyouria
bacterial colonization
unresolved bacteriuria
What is false concerning antiretroviral medications?
multiple antiretroviral drugs can be combined into a single pill
might cause radiolucent renal stones
can lead to a significant rise in the serum level of PDE5 inhibitors, if taken simultaneously
have the advantage of structured treatment interruptions (drug holidays)
Which of the following does NOT cause sterile pyouria?
inadequately treated UTI
renal papillary necrosis
acute emphysematous pyelonephritis
urinary tract tuberculosis
What is false regarding viral cystitis?
in pediatrics, adenovirus types 11 and 21 could result in hemorrhagic cystitis
immunosuppressed children are especially susceptible to Cytomegalovirus and Adenoviruses 7, 21, and 35
in pediatrics, acute viral cystitis might present as acute retention of urine
classically, treatment should be culture-specific
What is false concerning cystitis glandularis?
rarely, the urothelial cell nests show a central lumen lined by glandular epithelium
In some cases, it may form polypoid masses that mimic urothelial neoplasms
It might appear as multinodular exophytic mass seen on cystoscopy
cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis frequently coexist in the same specimen
What is true concerning scrotal abscesses?
could be a complication of chronic epididymitis and orchalgia
testicular torsion must be excluded
infected hair follicles and scrotal lacerations are predisposing factors
urethral discharge is not uncommon presentation
What is (are) the prominent clinical finding(s) in the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis?
fever, chills, abdominal pain
costovertibral angle tenderness
hypogastric and loin pain
flank pain, dysuria
Which of the following does NOT cause unresolved bacteriuria?
giant staghorn stone
perivesical abscess with fistula to the bladder
bacterial resistance
self-inflicted infection
What are the most commonly affected organs by genitourinary schistosomiasis?
kidneys and adrenals
bladder and ureters
prostate and vasa
testes and epididymi
What is the likelihood of contracting gonorrheal disease following a single intercourse with an infected woman?
1.7%
7%
17%
71%
What is the best statement that describes the action of antiproliferative factor?
inhibits bladder epithelial cell proliferation
inhibits the bladder proliferative growth factors
stimulates the proliferation inhibitory factors
none of the above
What are the commonest organisms causing acute epididymitis in males younger than 35 yrs.?
N. gonorrhea and C. trachomatis
E. coli and Pseudomonas species
Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma species
Trichomonas vaginalis and Gardnerella vaginalis