What is the most effective adjuvant intravesical therapy for bladder tumors?
cisplatin
BCG
mitomycin C
5-fluorouracil
Correct Answer :
C. mitomycin C
mitomycin C is the most effective adjuvant intravesical therapy and should be administered within 6 hours of tumor resection unless bladder perforation is noted.
Related Questions
Carcinoma-in-situ of the prostatic urethra mostly occurs at the:
mid prostate to the verumontanum at the 5 and 7 oclock positions
lateral margins of the prostate at the 10 and 2 oclock positions
entire area distal to the urethral crest
area between ejaculatory duct openings and prostatic utricle
What is the commonest type of tumors occurring in the penile urethra?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
Bladder cancer patients who once failed BCG vaccine, should:
undergo cystectomy
try mitomycin c
take a second course of BCG
take a second course of BCG + quinolones
For radical cystectomy, thromboembolism prophylaxis is required:
immediately before operation
immediately before incision and post-operative for 1 day
immediately before incision and post-operative for 15 days
immediately before incision and post-operative for 30 days
What is (are) the classic presentation(s) of bladder cancers?
irritative bladder symptoms
obstructive bladder symptoms
palpable suprapubic mass on physical examination
painless profuse hematuria
During women`s life span, what percentage of women will develop keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the bladder?
10%
20%
30%
40%
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing upper urinary tract tumors?
obesity
consuming artificial sweeteners
asbestosis
analgesic abuse
In what percentages do upper tract urothelial tumors develop in patients with a bladder urothelial cancer?
2 - 4%
4 - 6%
6 - 8%
8 - 10%
What might occur while resecting a bladder mass at the posterolateral wall?
bladder perforation
obturator nerve reflex
vesico-ureteral reflux
terrible bleeding
What is false concerning carcinoma-in-situ (CIS) of urinary tract?
frequently found in association with high-grade or extensive TCC
has a rate of progression to muscle invasion of 10-25%
significant areas of CIS are easily missed by routine cystoscopy
treatment begins with TURBT
What is the commonest type of tumor occurring in urethral diverticuli?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
The 5-yr survival rates of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer are:
40 - 55%
55 - 70%
70 - 85%
85 - 100%
What is the ideal vesical tumor patient for bladder preservation?
patients with carcinoma in situ
patients with completely resected solitary tumor
patients with preserved kidney and liver functions after 2 courses of BCG
patients with leiomyosarcoma
What is the commonest type of primary urethral tumors?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
The treatment of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer begins with:
single intravesical chemotherapy
TURBT
intravesical BCG vaccine
multiple bladder biopsies
Partial cystectomy for bladder tumors can be performed when the following criterion(a) is(are) met:
the lesion is solitary and no associated CIS
physically, a surgical margin of 2-cm can be obtained
the resected area should be far enough from ureteral orifices and the bladder neck
all of the following
Which of the following does NOT predispose to bladder cancer?
working with organic chemicals and dyes
abuse of pain-control medications especially phenacetin
exposure to arsenic and aromatic amines
schistosomiasis
On diagnosing bladder cancers, what advantage does urine cytology has over tumor markers?
high specificity
high sensitivity
high reliability
strong validity
What is NOT a contraindication to BCG treatment?
history of pulmonary TB
total incontinence
immunosuppression
impaired renal function
What is false regarding squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder (non-keratinized) subtype?
only in females
associated with chronic irritation, polypoid cystitis, and cystitis glandularis
no risk for squamous cell carcinoma
treated with estrogen, if symptomatic
What is the most effective adjuvant intravesical therapy for bladder tumors?
cisplatin
BCG
mitomycin C
5-fluorouracil
What type of bladder cancers might be caused by Schistosoma haematobium infection?
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
small cell carcinoma
Which of the following statements concerning lymphatic drainage of the male urethra is true?
the anterior urethra drains into the inguinal and pelvic nodes
the posterior urethra drains into the pelvic nodes
the proximal two-thirds drain into the external and internal iliac nodes
the distal one-third drains into the obturator nodes
Intravesical installation of BCG should NOT be given soon after bladder tumor resection (TURBT) because:
there will be no target tumor tissue to work on
post-op. hematuria interacts unfavorably with BCG composition
of the risk of systemic absorption and sepsis
of the high risk of BCG reflux to kidneys while bladder irrigation
What is the commonest type of tumors occurring in the female urethra?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
comparable
Partial penectomy for urethral cancer is indicated in:
infiltrative proximal penile urethral carcinomas
infiltrative distal penile urethral carcinomas
recurrent proximal penile urethral carcinoma after laser resection
T3/N2/M0 at bulbar urethra
What is the most common sarcoma of the bladder?
leiomyosarcoma
rhabdosarcoma
carcinosarcoma
neurosarcoma
What is false regarding the symptomatology of urethral cancers?
obstructive LUTS are common presentations and occur in association with carcinoma in situ
might present as perineal abscesses and fistulae
could be asymptomatic
venereal diseases increase the risk of urethral cancers
Immediately following transurethral resection of bladder tumors, intravesical installation of which material(s) is(are) contraindicated?
epirubicin
mitomycin c
BCG
none of the above
In women, what is the commonest type of cancers occurring in the proximal urethra?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma