Which of the following lab results indicates prerenal failure?
serum BUN : creatinine > 20
urine [Na] < 30 mEq/L
Na excretion fraction < 1
all of the above
Correct Answer :
D. all of the above
self-explanatory.
Related Questions
Which organ contributes most to the seminal fluid volume?
testes
prostate
seminal vesicles
bulbourethral glands
Which of the following does NOT increase PSA value?
trauma to the prostate
digital rectal examination
urinary retention
prostatitis
What is the most frequent anomaly associated with multicystic renal dysplasia?
ureteral atresia
vesicoureteral reflux
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
ureteral duplication
Where is Santorini plexus located?
at either side of the prostate
in the pubo-prostatic space
anterior to the seminal vesicles
posterior to the vaso-epididymal junction
Adult size of bladder capacity is achieved at what age?
5 6 yrs.
7 8 yrs.
9 10 yrs.
11 12 yrs.
Which part of the prostate is traversed by the ejaculatory duct:
central zone
peripheral zone
transitional zone
fibromuscular stroma
Which of the following is NOT related to von Hippel-Lindau disease?
retinal hemangioblastoma
ureteral atresia
pheochromocytomas
multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys
Which of the following mediates calcium reabsorption in the distal renal tubules?
aldosterone
hypocalcemia
parathyroid hormone
vitamin D
Which of the following does NOT affect serum creatinine?
gender
age
obstructing stone at left lower ureter
rhabdomyolysis
Which structure is a part of the renal hilum?
renal pelvis
branches of the renal artery
tributaries of renal vein
all of the above
At which condition is alpha-fetoprotein most frequently elevated?
infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast
seminoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
malignant melanoma
Beside renal excretion of sodium, what does atrial natriuretic hormone cause?
constriction of renal afferent arterioles
renin inhibition
aldosterone stimulation
rise in systemic blood pressure
In utero, which hormone stimulates the development of the prostate gland?
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
Which of the renal artery occlusive conditions, commonly, do NOT affect renal function?
intimal fibroplasia
medial fibroplasia
medial hyperplasia
serosal hyperplasia
In which body tissue(s) are creatine and phosphocreatine converted to creatinine?
bone marrow
skeletal muscles
brown fat
liver
How many renal papillae are there in a typical kidney?
4 to 6
7 to 9
10 to 12
13 to 14
What causes pink diaper syndrome is (are):
Staphylococcus epidermidis in the urine
dried urate crystals on the diaper
Adenovirus 11 in the urine
Candidiasis in the urine
What is the best initial therapy for hyponatremic dehydration?
administration of hypertonic saline
administration of crystalloid
administration of normal saline
administration of ringer lactate
Which type of urinary casts are solidified TammHorsfall mucoproteins secreted from the tubular epithelial cells of individual nephrons?
granular
hyaline
waxy
pigment
What is false concerning the urinary bladder anatomy?
as it distends, it peels off the peritoneum from the abdominal wall
the interureteric ridge is located between the 2 ureteric orifices and the uvula vesicae
Waldeyer`s sheath covers only the distal ureter and forms the deep trigone
in adults, it is percussible over the abdomen when contains at least 150 ml
What is the most significant innervation of the vas deferens?
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
none of the above
At what month of intra-uterine life do testes descend into the scrotum with the aid of the intra-abdominal pressure and the gubernacula?
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
What is false concerning fosfomycin antibiotic?
has a limited cross-resistance with most common antibacterial agents
causes injection site reactions
is active against most uropathogens
is effective as a single-dose agent
What do urine tests examine to detect hematuria?
catalase activity of erythrocytes
peroxidase activity of erythrocytes
lyase activity of erythrocytes
none of the above
What is the approximated bladder capacity of an 8 yrs. girl?
150 ml
200 ml
250 ml
300 ml
What is the nerve supply of the adrenal gland?
sympathetic to the medulla
parasympathetic to the medulla
sympathetic to the cortex
parasympathetic to the cortex
What degrades semenogelin and determines the consistency of the seminal coagulum is:
spermine
acid phosphatase
PSA
semenoglobulin
The manifestations of autonomic dysreflexia include:
hypotension and tachycardia
hypotension and bradycardia
hypertension and tachycardia
hypertension and bradycardia
What is the most significant complication of cyclosporine?
hepatic toxicity
renal toxicity
neural toxicity
cardiac toxicity
Which statement is NOT related to Klinefelter syndrome?
sterility is the rule
has a considerable short life span
treatment requires testicular microdissection and sperm extraction
47 XXY karyotype