Are formed into shape under heat and pressure and results in a permanently hard product
Do not become hard with the application of heat and pressure and no chemical change occurs
Are flexible and can withstand considerable wear under suitable conditions
Are used as a friction lining for clutches and brakes
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 0.4 to 0.7% magnesium, 0.4 to 0.7% manganese and rest aluminium
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 1.2 to 1.7% manganese, 1.8 to 2.3% nickel, 0.6% each of silicon, magnesium and iron, and rest aluminium
4 to 4.5% magnesium, 3 to 4% copper and rest aluminium
5 to 6% tin, 2 to 3% copper and rest aluminium
Chromium
Silicon
Manganese
Magnesium
Calcined ore (8 parts), coke (4 parts) and limestone (1 part)
Calcined ore (4 parts), coke (1 part) and limestone (8 parts)
Calcined ore (1 part), coke (8 parts) and limestone (4 parts)
Calcined ore, coke and limestone all in equal parts
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough and easily machined metal
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or creium) in the ladle. Graphite is in nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Alloy and carbon tool steel
Magnet steel
High speed tool steel
All of these
Carburising
Normalising
Annealing
Tempering
Are used where ease in machining is the criterion
Contain carbon in free form
Require least cutting force
Do not exist
Face centred cubic space lattice
Body centred cubic space lattice
Close packed hexagonal space lattice
None of these
Same
Less
More
None of these
770°C
910°C
1050°C
Below recrystallisation temperature
0.025 %
0.06 %
0.1 %
0.25 %
Greater than 7
Less than 7
Equal to 7
pH value has nothing to do with neutral solution
Zinc
Lead
Silver
Glass
60% copper and 40% beryllium
80% copper and 20% beryllium
97.75% copper and 2.25% beryllium
99% copper and 1% beryllium
0.04 %
0.35 to 0.45 %
0.4 to 0.6 %
0.6 to 0.8 %
70% copper and 30% zinc
90% copper and 10% ti
85 - 92% copper and rest tin with little lead and nickel
70 - 75% copper and rest tin
50 : 20 : 20 : 10
40 : 30 : 20 : 10
50 : 20 : 10 : 20
30 : 20 : 30 : 20
Cementite
Free carbon
Flakes
Spheroids
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. I is soft, tough and easily machined metal
Is produced by small additions o magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle Graphite is in nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Hardening and cold working
Normalising
Martempering
Full annealing
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
0.5% of phosphorous
1% phosphorous
2.5% phosphorous
None of the above
Tensile strength
Hardness
Ductility
Fluidity
Ferrite and cementite
Cementite and gamma iron
Ferrite and austenite
Ferrite and iron graphite
RC 65
RC 48
RC 57
RC 80
Sulphur
Vanadium
Tin
Zinc
Nickel steel
Chrome steel
Nickel-chrome steel
Silicon steel
400°C to 600°C
600°C to 900°C
900°C to 1400°C
1400°C to 1530°C
Alpha iron, beta iron and gamma iron
Alpha iron and beta iron
Body centred cubic iron and face centred cubic iron
Alpha iron, gamma from and delta iron