50 : 20 : 20 : 10
40 : 30 : 20 : 10
50 : 20 : 10 : 20
30 : 20 : 30 : 20
A. 50 : 20 : 20 : 10
Purification of metal
Grain refinement
Working at lower temperature
All of the above
Modulus of elasticity is fairly low
Wear resistance is very good
Fatigue strength is not high
Creep strength limits its use to fairly low temperatures
Tin, lead and small percentage of antimony
Tin and lead
Tin, lead and silver
Tin and copper
Silicon bronze
White metal
Monel metal
Phosphor bronze
Lead base alloy
Copper base alloy
Tin base alloy
Cadmium base alloy
Controls the grade of pig iron
Acts as an iron bearing mineral
Supplies heat to reduce ore and melt the iron
Forms a slag by combining with impurities
By forming a bulge
By shearing along oblique plane
In direction perpendicular to application of load
By crushing into thousands of pieces
Are formed into shape under heat and pressure and results in a permanently hard product
Do not become hard with the application of heat and pressure and no chemical change occurs
Are flexible and can withstand considerable wear under suitable conditions
Are used as a friction lining for clutches and brakes
Formation of bainite structure
Carburised structure
Martenistic structure
Lamellar layers of carbide distributed throughout the structure
0.05 %
0.15 %
0.3 %
0.5 %
Ductile material
Malleable material
Brittle material
Tough material
Elasticity
Plasticity
Ductility
Malleability
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improve corrosion and heat resistant proper ties
Improves cutting ability and reduce hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti corrosion property
Steel
Al2O3
SiO2
MgO
65% nickel, 15% chromium and 20% iron
68% nickel, 29% copper and 3% other constituents
80% nickel and 20% chromium
80% nickel, 14% chromium and 6% iron
Chromium and nickel
Sulphur, phosphorus, lead
Vanadium, aluminium
Tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium
Mild steel
Cast iron
HSS
High carbon
13% carbon and 87% ferrite
13% cementite and 87% ferrite
13% ferrite and 87% cementite
6.67% carbon and 93.33% iron
Silver and some impurities
Refined silver
Nickel, Copper and zinc
Nickel and copper
Nickel steel
Chrome steel
Nickel-chrome steel
Silicon steel
Nickel, copper and iron
Nickel, copper and zinc
Copper, nickel and antimony
Iron, zinc and bismuth
In which atoms align themselves in a geometric pattern upon solidification
In which there is no definite atomic structure and atoms exist in a random pattern just as in a liquid
Which is not attacked by phosphorous
Which emits fumes on melting
Compressive strength
Ductility
Carbon content
Hardness
Allotropic change
Recrystallisation
Heat treatment
Precipitation
63 to 67% nickel and 30% copper
88% copper and 10% tin and rest zinc
Alloy of tin, lead and cadmium
Malleable iron and zinc
Zinc
Lead
Silver
Glass
Amount of carbon it contains
The shape and distribution of the carbides in iron
Method of fabrication
Contents of alloying elements
Eutectic cast irons
Hypoeutectic cast irons
Hypereutectic cast irons
None of these
Brittleness
Ductility
Malleability
Plasticity
Aluminium
Low carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High carbon steel