To which group of lymph nodes do tumors at the anterior superior area of the bladder, first, drain?
hypogastric
internal iliac
external iliac
lateral sacral
Correct Answer :
C. external iliac
developmentally, the anterior superior aspect of the bladder is supplied by branches of the umbilical artery that become obliterated to be the median umbilical ligament. The lymphatics remain to drain at the median chain of the external iliac group.
Related Questions
The mature genitourinary system develops from all of the following embryonic sources, EXCEPT:
intermediate mesoderm
mesothelium of celomic cavity
endoderm of the urogenital sinus
somatic ectoderm
Which agent is safe to kidneys?
amoxicillin
gentamycin
diclofenac
herb extract
How long post bilateral orchiectomy, will patients be functionally castrated?
immediately
after 2 hrs.
after 12 hrs.
after 24 hrs.
Which type of urinary casts are solidified TammHorsfall mucoproteins secreted from the tubular epithelial cells of individual nephrons?
granular
hyaline
waxy
pigment
Which of the following is NOT a component of the normal semen?
zinc
fructose
prostate-specific antigen
alkaline phosphatase
Which of the renal artery occlusive conditions, commonly, do NOT affect renal function?
intimal fibroplasia
medial fibroplasia
medial hyperplasia
serosal hyperplasia
What is the most significant complication of cyclosporine?
hepatic toxicity
renal toxicity
neural toxicity
cardiac toxicity
Renal blood flow is autoregulated by:
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
urinary output
afferent arteriolar resistance
Which of the following contributes second to the seminal fluid by volume?
seminal vesicles
the prostate
testes
bulbourethral glands
Which of the following might cause sterile pyuria?
renal tuberculosis
urinary tract stones
interstitial cystitis
all of the above
What helps in treating Candida albicans cystitis is:
sodium bicarbonate
phyto soya
ascorbic acid
sol palmetto
In which body tissue(s) are creatine and phosphocreatine converted to creatinine?
bone marrow
skeletal muscles
brown fat
liver
Which statement is false concerning the dipstick method for detecting hematuria?
depends on the ability of hemoglobin to oxidize a chromogen indicator
negative results need to be confirmed by microscopic examination
has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 75%
the presence of many epithelial cells suggests skin or vaginal contamination
Which period of intrauterine life does the process of organ formation (organogenesis) take place?
9 12 weeks
12 15 weeks
15 18 weeks
18 21 weeks
What is false about purple urine bag syndrome?
occurs due to the interaction between the chemical components of the urine and polyvinyl chloride material in the urine bag
it is commonly symptomless
more common in female nursing home residents
commonly implicated bacteria are K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, E. coli
The manifestations of autonomic dysreflexia include:
hypotension and tachycardia
hypotension and bradycardia
hypertension and tachycardia
hypertension and bradycardia
What is true regarding hematospermia?
should be investigated thoroughly like hematuria
is rarely associated with significant urologic pathology
carries a risk of infertility
mandates testicular biopsy
Regarding multicystic kidneys, at what age does the compensatory renal growth end?
at birth
2 years
at puberty
none of the above
Beside renal excretion of sodium, what does atrial natriuretic hormone cause?
constriction of renal afferent arterioles
renin inhibition
aldosterone stimulation
rise in systemic blood pressure
The commonest neoplasms that metastasize to kidneys come from:
breasts
thyroids
lungs
liver
Which of the following explains infertility in liver cirrhosis male patients?
decrease plasma estradiol levels
increase plasma testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin levels
suppression of suprarenal androgens
exaggerated pituitary response to feedback hormones
What are the posterior relations of the kidneys?
quadratus lumborum and diaphragm
psoas and diaphragm
psoas and latissimus dorsi
transversus abdominus and paraspinous
Which of the following diabetes mellitus treatments causes erectile dysfunction?
long-acting insulin
metformin
sulfonylurea
none of the above
In males, which of the following structure(s) can NOT be palpated during digital rectal examination?
pelvic floor muscles
seminal vesicles
anterior surface of the sacrum
median lobe of the prostate
What are the first and second most common zones from where prostate cancers arise?
central then transitional
peripheral then transitional
peripheral then central
transitional then central
Which part of the prostate prevents the seminal fluid from entering the bladder during ejaculation?
central zone
peripheral zone
preprostatic tissue
anterior fibromuscular stroma
What is false concerning the collecting system structures of a typical kidney?
the renal pelvis could be intra or extra renal
the renal pelvis divides into 2 or 3 major calyces
major calyces divide into 2 or 3 minor calyces
unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired
Which artery(ies) supply(ies) the prostate?
middle rectal
inferior vesical
a & b
none of the above
Which of the following process(es) is (are) reversible?
5α-reductase enzyme reduces testosterone to DHT
aromatase enzyme reduces testosterone to estrogen
PSA molecule binds to α1-antichymotrypsin and α2-macroglobulin
none of the above
What could render red urine workup, false positive for hematuria?
dehydration
myoglobinuria
high doses of vitamin C
all of the above