What is false concerning the collecting system structures of a typical kidney?
the renal pelvis could be intra or extra renal
the renal pelvis divides into 2 or 3 major calyces
major calyces divide into 2 or 3 minor calyces
unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired
Correct Answer :
D. unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired
lateral calyces are typically paired, whereas polar calyces are often singles.
Related Questions
Which type of urinary casts are solidified TammHorsfall mucoproteins secreted from the tubular epithelial cells of individual nephrons?
granular
hyaline
waxy
pigment
Which of the following lab results indicates prerenal failure?
serum BUN : creatinine > 20
urine [Na] < 30 mEq/L
Na excretion fraction < 1
all of the above
In which body tissue(s) are creatine and phosphocreatine converted to creatinine?
bone marrow
skeletal muscles
brown fat
liver
What is the appropriate intravenous maintenance fluid for a 16 kg girl?
43 ml/hr of normal saline
78 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline
69 ml/hr of ½ normal saline
54 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline
Which agent is safe to kidneys?
amoxicillin
gentamycin
diclofenac
herb extract
Which of the following mediates calcium reabsorption in the distal renal tubules?
aldosterone
hypocalcemia
parathyroid hormone
vitamin D
Which type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is more likely to form renal stones?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
Which area in the nervous system is tested by bulbocavernosus reflex?
brain stem
C2 C4
S2 - S4
L2 - L4
What degrades semenogelin and determines the consistency of the seminal coagulum is:
spermine
acid phosphatase
PSA
semenoglobulin
Which of the following is NOT a part of the urogenital diaphragm structures?
perineal membrane
deep transverse perineal muscle
urethral sphincter
Camper`s fascia
Which organism is capable of proliferation in the urine and causing urethritis?
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Chlamydia trachomatis
E. coli
Neisseria gonorrhea
What is the narrowest part of the ureter?
uretero-pelvic junction
uretero-vesical junction
where ureters cross the pelvic brim
where ureters cross the common iliac bifurcation
Which of the following does NOT increase in prostate cancer?
human kallikrein 2
pro-PSA
free PSA
complexed PSA
Which microbe causes red diaper syndrome?
Serratia marcescens
Streptococcus pyogenes
Clostridium difficile
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Which artery is NOT a branch of the anterior division of internal iliac artery?
superior vesical artery
inferior vesical artery
superior gluteal artery
inferior gluteal artery
What does make UTI more common in mid-aged females than in males?
short female urethra
pregnancy
vaginal colonization with enterobacteria
all the above
Beside renal excretion of sodium, what does atrial natriuretic hormone cause?
constriction of renal afferent arterioles
renin inhibition
aldosterone stimulation
rise in systemic blood pressure
What causes pink diaper syndrome is (are):
Staphylococcus epidermidis in the urine
dried urate crystals on the diaper
Adenovirus 11 in the urine
Candidiasis in the urine
What are the first and second most common zones from where prostate cancers arise?
central then transitional
peripheral then transitional
peripheral then central
transitional then central
What is false concerning fosfomycin antibiotic?
has a limited cross-resistance with most common antibacterial agents
causes injection site reactions
is active against most uropathogens
is effective as a single-dose agent
What is the half-life of β-HCG?
5 7 days
24 36 hours
2 3 days
12 24 hours
What is the most frequent anomaly associated with multicystic renal dysplasia?
ureteral atresia
vesicoureteral reflux
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
ureteral duplication
What do the specialized cells, at the juxtaglomerular apparatus, produce?
erythropoietin
renin
angiotensin I
angiotensinogen
At which type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA), typically, potassium levels increase?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
What is false concerning the collecting system structures of a typical kidney?
the renal pelvis could be intra or extra renal
the renal pelvis divides into 2 or 3 major calyces
major calyces divide into 2 or 3 minor calyces
unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired
Which of the following is false regarding zona glomeruloza?
the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex
responses to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased renal blood flow
it causes pheochromocytoma
secretes aldosterone
In utero, which hormone stimulates the development of the prostate gland?
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
To which group of lymph nodes do tumors at the anterior superior area of the bladder, first, drain?
hypogastric
internal iliac
external iliac
lateral sacral
Which statement is false concerning smegma?
it is the white secretion produced under the foreskin in males
it has a crucial role in penile cancer development
it contains lysozymes, chymotrypsin, neutrophil elastase and cytokines
female smegma can be found between the labia
What type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) does demonstrate aldosterone resistance?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4