What is false concerning cystine stones?
have diagnostic hexagonal crystals
dont respond to ESWL therapy
are highly soluble in water
inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion
Correct Answer :
C. are highly soluble in water
cysteine is relatively insoluble in water.
Related Questions
Ureteral stones of ≥ 7 mm:
should be treated with more analgesics
must undergo metabolic worked out
are unlikely to pass out spontaneously
chemolysis should be tried first
What kind of stones is more likely to recur with infections if not removed completely?
urate
triple phosphate
oxalate monohydrate
matrix
What could high dietary protein result in?
increase urinary calcium, oxalate, and uric acid excretion
decrease urinary calcium; but increase oxalate, and uric acid excretion
increased urinary calcium and uric acid; but decrease oxalate excretion
decreased urinary calcium, oxalate, and uric acid excretion
What is false concerning struvite stones?
the commonest to form staghorn giant calculi
formed by urease producing bacteria
antibiotics have a role in the treatment
form at the two extremes of urinary pH range
What parameter is NOT considered in the stone burden concept?
the surface area of the stones
the volume of the stones
the density of the stones
the number of the stones
What is true concerning primary hyperparathyroidism and stone formation?
orthophosphates may have a role in the treatment
hyperparathyroidectomy and levothyroxine replacement is the optimum treatment
management includes Calcium chelating agent and repeat 24hr urine collection in 3 months
surgical excision of the adenoma(s) is the treatment of choice
What is true regarding prostatic stones?
they are multiple and small in size
usually, they are voided spontaneously
they, rarely, form large stones within the peripheral zone
contrast CT is the conventional method for diagnosis
What bowel surgery could result in enteric hyperoxaluria?
right hemicolectomy
small bowel resection
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
b & c
What is the most appropriate antibiotic class for prophylaxis before urologic surgery?
aminoglycosides
macrolides
cephalosporins
fluoroquinolones
During pyelolithotomy for removing a staghorn urate stone; how to ensure a complete removal of calyceal branches?
by performing intra-operative ultrasonography
by performing radial nephrotomies
by performing adjunct PCLN
by taking a scout KUB film
What is the Hounsfield density range of uric acid stones?
400 600 HU
600 800 HU
800 1000 HU
1000 1200 HU
Patients having what kind of stones should refrain from eating purines?
cysteine
urate
calcium
none of the above
What congenital anomaly is unlikely to result in stone formation?
left ureterocele
bifid right renal pelvis
neurogenic bladder
bilateral UPJ stenosis
What type of stones do laxative abusers might develop?
ammonium urate
sodium urate
calcium oxalate
calcium phosphate
What is the most common composition of ureteral stones?
Ca.phosphate
Ca.oxalate
Na.urate
struvite
What is false regarding DJ ureteral stents?
can be introduced from the bladder or kidney or any part of the ureter`s course
the standard adult size is 32 cm long, 4 mm calibre
might result in encrustations and ureteral obstruction
might result in ureteral dilation
What is the incidence risk of ureteral strictures following ureteroscopy?
3 6 %
12 15 %
0.4 0.8 %
0.09 0.14 %
What is (are) the indication(s) of hospitalization of ureteral stone patients?
steinstrasse
a stone in ureterocele
fever, leucocytosis, pain
brushite stones
What is false concerning recurrent stone formation?
best treated by total parathyroidectomy
first-time stone formers are at a 50% risk for recurrence
males have higher recurrence rate than females
stone formers produce stones of the same type every time
What is false concerning urethral stones?
stones at posterior urethra could be pushed back to the bladder
stones at anterior urethra have to undergo a trial of milking out, using copious intra-urethral xylocaine gel
often respond to a two-week course of tamsulosin
respond to Holmium laser treatment
What stones are radiopaque on plain X-ray film?
2,8 dihydroxyadenine stones
sulfa medications-induced stones
calcium oxalate stones
matrix stones
What is the composition of brushite stones?
calcium phosphate
calcium oxalate monohydrate
sodium urate
2,8 dihydroxyadenine
What is the least serious complications of PCNL?
uncontrollable bleeding
incomplete removal of stones
pneumothorax
colonic perforation
What is false concerning primary bladder stones?
commonly occur in patients with senile prostatic enlargement
common in children exposed to low-protein, low-phosphate diet
rarely recur after treatment
respond to ESWL
How does oral Mg.citrate inhibit Ca.oxalate stone formation?
by lowering urinary saturation of Ca.oxalate
by preventing heterogeneous nucleation of Ca.oxalate
by inhibiting spontaneous precipitation and agglomeration of Ca.oxalate
by all of the above
ESWL in pediatric patients is characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT:
often need sedation or anesthesia
vesico-ureteral reflux must be excluded
pediatrics have a higher clearance rate of stones when compared to adults
safety measures must be taken to avoid lung contusions
What statement is false concerning the use of desmopressin (DDAVP) in renal colic patients?
it causes reduction in the mean intra-ureteral pressure
it reduces the pain of acute renal colic
it has a direct relaxing effect on the renal pelvis and ureteral musculature
it is indicated when stones are ≤ 4 mm in diameter
What is the first-line treatment of kidney stones of a burden greater than 2 cm?
ESWL
URS
PCNL
none of the above
What does nephrocalcin do?
dissolves cystine stones
enhances nephrocalcinosis process over old scared areas
inhibits Ca.oxalate aggregation and crystallization
plays a secondary role in metastatic calcification process
What is the most common organism that might complicate PCNL?
Proteus mirabilis
E. coli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus epidermidis