Regarding renal ectopia, usually, the adrenals:
are cross ectopic
are at their normal position
travel with the kidneys
undergo ischemic atrophy
Correct Answer :
B. are at their normal position
despite the adjacent locations, the adrenals are embryologically and functionally distinct from the kidneys.
Related Questions
Which structure is a part of the renal hilum?
renal pelvis
branches of the renal artery
tributaries of renal vein
all of the above
All of the following conditions are related to obesity syndrome, EXCEPT:
super fertility
increase aromatization reaction
increase resistance to circulating insulin
sleep apnea
Which agent is most likely to cause hemorrhagic cystitis?
cisplatin
ifosfamide
phosphomycin
amphotericin B
Which statement is false concerning smegma?
it is the white secretion produced under the foreskin in males
it has a crucial role in penile cancer development
it contains lysozymes, chymotrypsin, neutrophil elastase and cytokines
female smegma can be found between the labia
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150 ml
200 ml
250 ml
300 ml
Which of the following is NOT a part of the urogenital diaphragm structures?
perineal membrane
deep transverse perineal muscle
urethral sphincter
Camper`s fascia
On tracing the IVU dye down, in a dilated ureter, the dilation stops at a level then continues as a normal calibre ureter. What could the pathology be?
lower ureteral stricture
ureteral valve
modified Lich-Gregoire ureteral reimplantation
residual dilation of hydroureter
How can hyperuricosuria cause calcium oxalate calculi?
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by heterogeneous nucleation
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Which type of urinary casts are solidified TammHorsfall mucoproteins secreted from the tubular epithelial cells of individual nephrons?
granular
hyaline
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2 3 days
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the brain cortex
the sacral cord
the lumbar cord
the hypothalamus
What is the earliest clinical sign of puberty in boys?
hoarseness of voice
enlargement of testes
appearance of axillary hair
change in body odor
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peripheral zone
transitional zone
fibromuscular stroma
Which type of renal stone crystals is known as coffin lid?
oxalate
struvite
urate
cystine
Which of the following lab results indicates prerenal failure?
serum BUN : creatinine > 20
urine [Na] < 30 mEq/L
Na excretion fraction < 1
all of the above
What degrades semenogelin and determines the consistency of the seminal coagulum is:
spermine
acid phosphatase
PSA
semenoglobulin
What is the nerve supply of the adrenal gland?
sympathetic to the medulla
parasympathetic to the medulla
sympathetic to the cortex
parasympathetic to the cortex
Which of the following does NOT increase in prostate cancer?
human kallikrein 2
pro-PSA
free PSA
complexed PSA
What increases blood volume and pressure in corpora cavernosa during erection is:
increase in sympathetic discharge
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aldosterone
hypocalcemia
parathyroid hormone
vitamin D
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ejaculatory ducts
prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
bulbous urethra
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peripheral then transitional
peripheral then central
transitional then central
Which of the following explains infertility in liver cirrhosis male patients?
decrease plasma estradiol levels
increase plasma testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin levels
suppression of suprarenal androgens
exaggerated pituitary response to feedback hormones
Which type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is more likely to form renal stones?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
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78 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline
69 ml/hr of ½ normal saline
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How does estrogen prevent lower UTI in postmenopausal women?
increasing vaginal secretions
decreasing vaginal pH
increasing normal vaginal flora
decreasing bacterial adherence
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FSH
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allopurinol
aminoglycosides
cimetidine
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