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4

What is the appropriate intravenous maintenance fluid for a 16 kg girl?

A. 43 ml/hr of normal saline

B. 78 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline

C. 69 ml/hr of ½ normal saline

D. 54 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline

Correct Answer :

D. 54 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline


maintenance fluid is ¼ NS computed as follows; 100 ml for every kg for the first 10 kg of the child weight, then 50 ml for every kg for the second 10 kg of the child weight, and then 20 ml for every kg for the third 10 kg of the child weight. For this girl the sum up for 24 hr is 1300 ml which equals to 54 ml/hr.

Related Questions

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4

Which nephron segment contains the most diluted urine in central diabetes insipidus patient?

A. proximal convoluted tubules

B. distal convoluted tubules

C. collecting duct

D. loop of Henle

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4

Which statement concerning urine pH is false?

A. influenced by food and medications

B. renal stones form at the extremes of pH range

C. reliable only when measured by 24 hr. urine collection

D. ranges from 4 7

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4

Which of the following is false regarding zona glomeruloza?

A. the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex

B. responses to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased renal blood flow

C. it causes pheochromocytoma

D. secretes aldosterone

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4

Which of the following might cause sterile pyuria?

A. renal tuberculosis

B. urinary tract stones

C. interstitial cystitis

D. all of the above

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4

Where is Santorini plexus located?

A. at either side of the prostate

B. in the pubo-prostatic space

C. anterior to the seminal vesicles

D. posterior to the vaso-epididymal junction

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4

What is the nerve supply of the adrenal gland?

A. sympathetic to the medulla

B. parasympathetic to the medulla

C. sympathetic to the cortex

D. parasympathetic to the cortex

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4

Which of the following hormones, primarily, controls spermatogenesis?

A. GnRH

B. testosterone

C. LH

D. FSH

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4

What is the most likely cause of large scrotal hematoma in neonates?

A. clotting factor VIII deficiency

B. clotting factor IX deficiency

C. breech delivery

D. scrotal cavernous haemangioma

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4

Which of the prostate medications could result in retrograde ejaculation?

A. tamsulosin

B. doxazosin

C. dutasteride

D. alfuzosin

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4

In utero, which hormone stimulates the development of the prostate gland?

A. estradiol

B. DHT

C. FSH

D. testosterone

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4

In which body tissue(s) are creatine and phosphocreatine converted to creatinine?

A. bone marrow

B. skeletal muscles

C. brown fat

D. liver

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4

What is false concerning PSA molecule?

A. the free form of PSA exists in small proportions in the body, and found mainly in BPH and in the ejaculate

B. α1- anti chymotrypsin binds to 3 epitopes of the PSA molecule to form a complexed PSA

C. α2- macroglobulin binds to 5 epitopes of the PSA molecule to form a complexed PSA

D. the purified PSA molecule has a molecular weight of 90 kDa

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4

Which period of intrauterine life does the process of organ formation (organogenesis) take place?

A. 9 12 weeks

B. 12 15 weeks

C. 15 18 weeks

D. 18 21 weeks

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4

What is false concerning the collecting system structures of a typical kidney?

A. the renal pelvis could be intra or extra renal

B. the renal pelvis divides into 2 or 3 major calyces

C. major calyces divide into 2 or 3 minor calyces

D. unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired

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4

Which part of the prostate prevents the seminal fluid from entering the bladder during ejaculation?

A. central zone

B. peripheral zone

C. preprostatic tissue

D. anterior fibromuscular stroma

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4

Which statement is false concerning the gubernaculua?

A. degenerate after birth

B. called the caudal genital ligaments

C. help guide the testes down through the inguinal canals

D. represent undifferentiated mesenchyme

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4

The majority of circulating testosterone is:

A. bound to sex hormone-binding globulin

B. free

C. bound to α1-antichymotrypsin

D. bound to albumin

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4

Where is the gene sex-determining region (SRY) located at?

A. long arm of X chromosome

B. long arm of Y chromosome

C. short arm of Y chromosome

D. short arm of X chromosome

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4

What is the best method to evaluate calcium levels in the urine?

A. from early morning urine sample

B. comparing urine and serum calcium at a given time

C. performing 24 urine collection

D. from a mid-stream urine sample

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4

The mature genitourinary system develops from all of the following embryonic sources, EXCEPT:

A. intermediate mesoderm

B. mesothelium of celomic cavity

C. endoderm of the urogenital sinus

D. somatic ectoderm

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4

Which disease is described best by the following manifestations: grand mal epilepsy, mental retardation, hypertension, angiomyolipoma, adenoma sebaceum, bilateral enlarged kidneys, and normal renal function?

A. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

B. von Hippel-Lindau disease

C. tuberous sclerosis

D. Sturge-Webber syndrome

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4

To which group of lymph nodes do tumors at the anterior superior area of the bladder, first, drain?

A. hypogastric

B. internal iliac

C. external iliac

D. lateral sacral

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4

Which of the following does NOT increase PSA value?

A. trauma to the prostate

B. digital rectal examination

C. urinary retention

D. prostatitis

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4

The epithelial component of the prostate consists of all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. basal cells

B. intermediate cells

C. tubulo-columnar cells

D. neuroendocrine cells

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4

What is the number of bacteria per high-power field microscopy that matches colony counts of 100,000/mL?

A. 100

B. 50

C. 10

D. 5

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4

Which of the following is NOT related to von Hippel-Lindau disease?

A. retinal hemangioblastoma

B. ureteral atresia

C. pheochromocytomas

D. multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys

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4

Which of the following diabetes mellitus treatments causes erectile dysfunction?

A. long-acting insulin

B. metformin

C. sulfonylurea

D. none of the above

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4

What is the function of PSA in semen?

A. increases semen volume

B. has antimicrobial activity

C. liquefies the seminal coagulum

D. decreases semen pH

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4

What causes pure testicular feminization is:

A. over estrogen synthesis

B. defective end-organ androgen response

C. extra X chromosome (XXY)

D. failure of genital ridge regression

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4

What is false concerning fosfomycin antibiotic?

A. has a limited cross-resistance with most common antibacterial agents

B. causes injection site reactions

C. is active against most uropathogens

D. is effective as a single-dose agent