Chromium and nickel
Nickel and molybdenum
Aluminium and zinc
Tungsten and sulphur
A. Chromium and nickel
770°C
910°C
1440°C
1539°C
Case hardening
Flame hardening
Nitriding
Any one of these
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled in still air
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled slowly in the furnace
Heated below or closes to the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly
Made by adding carbon in steel
Refined from cast iron
An alloy of iron and carbon with varying quantities of phosphorus and sulphur
Extensively used for making cutting tools
Pearlite
Ferrite
Cementite
Martensite
Heated below the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly
Heated up to the lower critical temperature and then cooled in still air
Heated slightly above the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly to a temperature of 600°C
None of the above
Calcined ore (8 parts), coke (4 parts) and limestone (1 part)
Calcined ore (4 parts), coke (1 part) and limestone (8 parts)
Calcined ore (1 part), coke (8 parts) and limestone (4 parts)
Calcined ore, coke and limestone all in equal parts
Low carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High carbon steel
Alloy steel
Uranium
Thorium
Niobium
All of these
Eutectic cast irons
Hypoeutectic cast irons
Hypereutectic cast irons
None of these
Same
Less
More
None of these
Refine grain structure
Reduce segregation in casting
Improve mechanical properties
Induce stresses
3 m
6 m
9 m
12 m
Room temperature
Above melting point
Between 1400°C and 1539°C
Between 910°C and 1400°C
0.2 %
0.8 %
1.3 %
2 %
Brass
Cast iron
Aluminium
Steel
Kind of stainless steel
None ferrous alloy
Polymer
Nickel and iron alloy having high permeability
Delta metal
Monel metal
Constantan
Nichrome
Steel
Al2O3
SiO2
MgO
Carbon
Sulphur
Silicon
Manganese
Dipping steel in cyanide bath
Reacting steel surface with cyanide salts
Adding carbon and nitrogen by heat treatment of steel to increase its surface hardness
Obtaining cyanide salts
0.1 %
0.2 %
0.4 %
0.6 %
Large surface wear
Elevated temperatures
Light load and pressure
High pressure and load
Iron
Copper
Aluminium
Nickel
Ductile
Malleable
Homogeneous
Anisotropic
Brittleness
Ductility
Malleability
Plasticity
Body centered cubic
Face centred cubic
Hexagonal close packed
Cubic structure
63 to 67% nickel and 30% copper
88% copper and 10% tin and rest zinc
Alloy of tin, lead and cadmium
Silver and chromium
70% copper and 30% zinc
90% copper and 10% tin
85 - 92% copper and rest tin with little lead and nickel
70 - 75% copper and rest tin
600°C
723°C
1147°C
1493°C