Large surface wear
Elevated temperatures
Light load and pressure
High pressure and load
A. Large surface wear
400° to 700°C
800°C to 1000°C
1200°C to 1300°C
1500°C to 1700°C
Zinc, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, antimony and bismuth
Gamma iron, aluminium, copper, lead, silver and nickel
Alpha iron, tungsten, chromium and molybdenum
None of the above
Duralumin
Y-alloy
Magnalium
Hindalium
Calcined ore (8 parts), coke (4 parts) and limestone (1 part)
Calcined ore (4 parts), coke (1 part) and limestone (8 parts)
Calcined ore (1 part), coke (8 parts) and limestone (4 parts)
Calcined ore, coke and limestone all in equal parts
Mild steel
German silver
Lead
Graphite
Formation of bainite structure
Carburised structure
Martenistic structure
Lamellar layers of carbide distributed throughout the structure
Carbon in the form of carbide
Low tensile strength
High compressive strength
All of these
Weldability
Formability
Machinability
Hardenability
Ferrite and cementite
Cementite and gamma iron
Ferrite and austenite
Ferrite and iron graphite
The points where no further change occurs
Constant for all metals
The points where there is no further flow of metal
The points of discontinuity
94% aluminium, 4% copper and 0.5% Mn, Mg, Si and Fe
92.5% aluminium and, 4% copper, 2% nickel and 1.5% Mg
90% aluminium and 90% copper
90% magnesium and 9% aluminium with some copper
Oxides
Carbonates
Sulphides
All of these
13% carbon and 87% ferrite
13% cementite and 87% ferrite
13% ferrite and 87% cementite
6.67% carbon and 93.33% iron
Allotropic change
Recrystallisation
Heat treatment
Precipitation
Tin, antimony, copper
Tin and copper
Tin and lead
Lead and zinc
1% silver
2% silver
5% silver
No silver
Sulphur, lead, phosphorous
Silicon, aluminium, titanium
Vanadium, aluminium
Chromium, nickel
Cementite
Free carbon
Flakes
Nodular aggregates of graphite
Acts as deoxidiser
Reduces the grain size
Decreases tensile strength and hardness
Lowers the toughness and transverse ductility
By forming a bulge
By shearing along oblique plane
In direction perpendicular to application of load
By crushing into thousands of pieces
White metal
Solder admiralty
Fusible metal
Phosphor bronze
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
Electroplating
Cyaniding
Induction hardening
Nitriding
Nichrome
Invar
Magnin
Elinvar
Strength
Stiffness
Toughness
Brittleness
Lead base alloy
Copper base alloy
Tin base alloy
Cadmium base alloy
Silver metal
Duralumin
Hastelloy
Invar
Refine the grain structure
Remove strains caused by cold working
Remove dislocations caused in the internal structure due to hot working
All of the above
Does not effect
Decreases
Increases
None of these
0.02
0.1
02
0.4