Copper
Magnesium
Silicon
Lead and bismuth
Nickel
Vanadium
Cobalt
Molybdenum
Cementite
Free graphite
Both A and B
None of these
94% aluminium, 4% copper and 0.5% Mn, Mg, Si and Fe
92.5% aluminium, 40% copper, 2% nickel, and 1.5% Mg
10% aluminium and 90% copper
90% magnesium and 9% aluminium with some copper
0.04 %
0.35 to 0.45 %
0.4 to 0.6 %
0.6 to 0.8 %
It contains carbon of the order of 0 to 0.25%
It melts at 1535°C
It is very soft and ductile
It is made by adding suitable percentage of carbon to molten iron and subjecting the product to repeated hammering and rolling.
Chromium and nickel
Sulphur, phosphorus, lead
Vanadium, aluminium
Tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium
Austenite
Pearlite
Ferrite
Cementite
High resistance to rusting and corrosion
High ductility
Ability of hold protective coating
Uniform strength in all directions
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled in still air
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled slowly in the furnace
Heated below or closes to the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly
Silver, copper, zinc
Silver, tin, nickel
Silver, lead, zinc
Silver, copper, aluminium
600°C
723°C
1147°C
1493°C
Dipping steel in cyanide bath
Reacting steel surface with cyanide salts
Adding carbon and nitrogen by heat treatment of steel to increase its surface hardness
Obtaining cyanide salts
Tin, antimony, copper
Tin and copper
Tin and lead
Lead and zinc
High yield point
High fatigue limit
Both (A) and (B)
None of these
Sulphur, lead, phosphorous
Silicon, aluminium, titanium
Vanadium, aluminium
Chromium, nickel
Carbon
Sulphur
Silicon
Manganese
0.1 to 0.5 %
0.5 to 1 %
1 to 5 %
5 to 10 %
Creep
Hot tempering
Hot hardness
Fatigue
High tensile strength
Its elastic limit close to the ultimate breaking strength
High ductility
All of the above
Copper and zinc
Copper and tin
Copper, tin and zinc
None of these
Face centred cubic space lattice
Body centred cubic space lattice
Close packed hexagonal space lattice
None of these
80% or more iron
50% or more iron
Alloying elements like chromium, tungsten nickel and copper
Elements like phosphorus, sulphur and silicon in varying quantities
Makes the iron soft and easily machinable
Increases hardness and brittleness
Make the iron white and hard
Aids fusibility and fluidity
Hot hardness
Toughness
Wear resistance
Sharp cutting edge
Strength
Stiffness
Brittleness
Toughness
Weldability
Formability
Machinability
Hardenability
Cast iron
High speed steel
All nonferrous materials
All of the above
Carburising
Normalising
Annealing
Tempering
Grain growth, recrystallisation, stress relief
Stress relief, grain growth, recrystallisation
Stress relief, recrystallisation, grain growth
Grain growth, stress relief, recrystallisation