High resistance to rusting and corrosion
High ductility
Ability of hold protective coating
Uniform strength in all directions
D. Uniform strength in all directions
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
Below 10°K
Above 100°K
Around 0°C
Around 100°C
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
Copper and zinc
Copper and tin
Copper, tin and zinc
None of these
Blast furnace
Cupola
Open hearth furnace
Bessemer converter
Brass
Bronze
Gun metal
Muntz metal
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 0.4 to 0.7% magnesium, 0.4 to 0.7% manganese and rest aluminium
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 1.2 to 1.7% manganese, 1.8 to 2.3% nickel, 0.6% each of silicon, magnesium and iron, and rest aluminium
4 to 4.5% magnesium, 3 to 4% copper and rest aluminium
5 to 6% tin, 2 to 3% copper and rest aluminium
Ductile
Malleable
Homogeneous
Anisotropic
Six
Twelve
Eighteen
Twenty
Mica
Silver
Lead
Glass
Amorphous material
Mesomorphous material
Crystalline material
None of these
Modulus of elasticity is fairly low
Wear resistance is very good
Fatigue strength is not high
Creep strength limits its use to fairly low temperatures
RC 65
RC 48
RC 57
RC 80
Refine the grain structure
Remove strains caused by cold working
Remove dislocations caused in the internal structure due to hot working
All of the above
At which crystals first start forming from molten metal when it is cooled
At which new spherical crystals first begin to form from the old deformed one when a strained metal is heated
At which change of allotropic form takes place
At which crystals grow bigger in size
Connecting rods
Cutting tools
Generators and transformers in the form of laminated cores
Motor car crankshafts
Which are destroyed by burning
Which after their destruction are recycled to produce fresh steel
Which are deoxidised in the ladle with silicon and aluminium
In which carbon is completely burnt
1% silver
2% silver
5% silver
No silver
Alloy and carbon tool steel
Magnet steel
High speed tool steel
All of these
Carbon
Vanadium
Manganese
Cobalt
Babbitt metal
Monel metal
Nichrome
Phosphor bronze
Substitutional solid solution
Interstitial solid solution
Intermetallic compounds
All of the above
Soft and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Acidic
Basic
Neutral
Brittle
No graphite
A very high percentage of graphite
A low percentage of graphite
Graphite as its basic constituent of composition
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled in still air
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled slowly in the furnace
Heated below or closes to the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly
Amount of carbon it contains
The shape and distribution of the carbides in iron
Method of fabrication
Contents of alloying elements
Nickel, copper and iron
Nickel, copper and zinc
Copper, nickel and antimony
Iron, zinc and bismuth
F.C.C.
B.C.C.
H.C.P.
Orthorhombic crystalline structure
0.1 %
0.2 %
0.4 %
0.6 %