Silver, copper, zinc
Silver, tin, nickel
Silver, lead, zinc
Silver, copper, aluminium
A. Silver, copper, zinc
60% copper and 40% beryllium
80% copper and 20% beryllium
97.75% copper and 2.25% beryllium
99% copper and 1% beryllium
Zinc, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, antimony and bismuth
Gamma-iron, aluminium, copper, lead, silver and nickel
Alpha-iron, tungsten, chromium and molybdenum
None of the above
Nickel, chromium and manganese
Tungsten, molybdenum and phosphorous
Lead, tin, aluminium
Zinc, sulphur, and chromium
Low carbon steel
High carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
Chrome steel
In still air
Slowly in the furnace
Suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Any one of these
Percentage of carbon
Percentage of alloying elements
Heat treatment employed
Shape of carbides and their distribution in iron
50 : 20 : 20 : 10
40 : 30 : 20 : 10
50 : 20 : 10 : 20
30 : 20 : 30 : 20
Amount of carbon it contains
The shape and distribution of the carbides in iron
Method of fabrication
Contents of alloying elements
High temperature and low strain rates favour brittle fracture
Many metals with hexagonal close packed (H.C.P) crystal structure commonly show brittle fracture
Brittle fracture is always preceded by noise
Cup and cone formation is characteristic for brittle materials
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
Cast iron
Pig iron
Wrought iron
Malleable iron
3 m
6 m
9 m
12 m
Duralumin
Y-alloy
Magnalium
Hindalium
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Ferroelectric
Dielectric
Cast iron
Forged steel
Mild steel
High carbon steel
Aluminium
Tin
Zinc
Silver
Same
Less
More
None of these
Amorphous material
Mesomorphous material
Crystalline material
None of these
Acts as deoxidiser
Reduces the grain size
Decreases tensile strength and hardness
Lowers the toughness and transverse ductility
Strength
Stiffness
Toughness
Brittleness
Tensile strength
Hardness
Ductility
Fluidity
Chromium
Nickel
Vanadium
Cobalt
High machinability
Low melting point
High tensile strength
All of the above
0.05 to 0.20 %
0.20 to 0.45 %
0.45 to 0.55 %
0.55 to 1.0 %
70% copper and 30% zinc
90% copper and 10% ti
85 - 92% copper and rest tin with little lead and nickel
70 - 75% copper and rest tin
Along the lines of slag distribution
Perpendicular to lines of slag distribution
Uniform in all directions
None of the above
0.1 to 1.2%
1.5 to 2.5%
2.5 to 4%
4 to 4.5%
Promotes decarburisation
Provides high hot hardness
Forms very hard carbides and thus increases wear resistance
Promotes retention of austenite
Free form
Combined form
Nodular form
Partly in free and partly in combined state
0.2 %
0.8 %
1.3 %
2 %