Tin, antimony, copper
Tin and copper
Tin and lead
Lead and zinc
B. Tin and copper
Body centered cubic
Face centered cubic
Hexagonal close packed
Cubic structure
Carbon
Vanadium
Manganese
Cobalt
Removing the impurities like clay, sand etc. from the iron ore by washing with water
Expelling moisture, carbon dioxide, sulphur and arsenic from the iron ore by heating in shallow kilns
Reducing the ore with carbon in the presence of a flux
All of the above
Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in compression
Ability to recover its original form
Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in tension
All of the above
Carburising
Normalising
Annealing
Tempering
High machinability
Low melting point
High tensile strength
All of the above
Ferrite
Pearlite
Austenite
Ferrite and cementite
Gamma iron (910° to 1400°C), Cu, Ag, Au, Al, Ni, Pb, Pt
Mg, Zn, Ti, Zr, Br, Cd
A iron (below 910°C and between 1400 to 1539°C), W
All of the above
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
0.1 %
0.2 %
0.4 %
0.6 %
Vanadium, chromium, tungsten
Tungsten, titanium, vanadium
Chromium, titanium, vanadium
Tungsten, chromium, titanium
Mica
Silver
Lead
Glass
In which atoms align themselves in a geometric pattern upon solidification
In which there is no definite atomic structure and atoms exist in a random pattern just as in a liquid
Which is not attacked by phosphorous
Which emits fumes on melting
Vanadium 4%, chromium 18% and tungsten 1%
Vanadium 1%, chromium 4% and tungsten 18%
Vanadium 18%, chromium 1% and tungsten 4%
None of the above
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled in still air
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled slowly in the furnace
Heated below or closes to the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
Cementite
Free carbon
Flakes
Spheroids
Nickel
Chromium
Copper
Magnesium
In which parts are not loaded
In which stress remains constant on increasing load
In which deformation tends to loosen the joint and produces a stress reduced
Stress reduces on increasing load
Mainly ferrite
Mainly pearlite
Ferrite and pearlite
Pearlite and cementite
Makes the iron soft and easily machinable
Increases hardness and brittleness
Make the iron white and hard
Aids fusibility and fluidity
Silicon bronze
White metal
Monel metal
Phosphor bronze
Chromium and nickel
Nickel and molybdenum
Aluminium and zinc
Tungsten and sulphur
Carburising process
Surface hardening process
Core hardening process
None of these
Ductile
Malleable
Homogeneous
Anisotropic
Purification of metal
Grain refinement
Working at lower temperature
All of the above
1% silver
2% silver
5% silver
No silver
0.1 to 1.2%
1.5 to 2.5%
2.5 to 4%
4 to 4.5%
Ductile material
Malleable material
Brittle material
Tough material
400°C to 600°C
600°C to 900°C
900°C to 1400°C
1400°C to 1530°C