Hot hardness
Toughness
Wear resistance
Sharp cutting edge
A. Hot hardness
Iron
Copper
Aluminium
Nickel
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improve corrosion and heat resistant proper ties
Improves cutting ability and reduce hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti corrosion property
Silver metal
Duralumin
Hastelloy
Invar
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
At which crystals first start forming from molten metal when it is cooled
At which new spherical crystals first begin to form from the old deformed one when a strained metal is heated
At which change of allotropic form takes place
At which crystals grow bigger in size
Brittleness
Ductility
Malleability
Plasticity
Mild steel
Cast iron
HSS
High carbon
Brass
Bronze
Gun metal
Muntz metal
Low carbon steel
High carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High speed steel
Soft and gives coarse grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Has a fixed structure under all conditions
Exists in several crystal forms at different temperatures
Responds to heat treatment
Has its atoms distributed in a random pattern
Purification of metal
Grain refinement
Working at lower temperature
All of the above
Coordination number
Atomic packing factor
Space lattice
None of these
Hardening surface of work-piece to obtain hard and wear resistant surface
Heating and cooling rapidly
Increasing hardness throughout
Inducing hardness by continuous process
Are formed into shape under heat and pressure and results in a permanently hard product
Do not become hard with the application of heat and pressure and no chemical change occurs
Are flexible and can withstand considerable wear under suitable conditions
Are used as a friction lining for clutches and brakes
13% carbon and 87% ferrite
13% cementite and 87% ferrite
13% ferrite and 87% cementite
6.67% carbon and 93.33% iron
White cast iron
Nodular cast iron
Malleable cast iron
Alloy cast iron
There is no change in grain size
The average grain size is a minimum
The grain size increases very rapidly
The grain size first increases and then decreases very rapidly
Strength
Stiffness
Toughness
Brittleness
Aluminium
Tin
Zinc
Silver
Malleable iron
Nodular iron
Spheroidal iron
Grey iron
Improve machinability
Improve ductility
Improve toughness
Release stresses
Copper and zinc
Copper and tin
Copper, tin and zinc
None of these
Low carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High carbon steel
Alloy steel
Nickel steel
Chrome steel
Nickel-chrome steel
Silicon steel
Body centered cubic
Face centred cubic
Hexagonal close packed
Cubic structure
Chromium
Nickel
Vanadium
Manganese
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anticorrosion properties
Yield point
Critical temperature
Melting point
Hardness
Nickel
Chromium
Nickel and chromium
Sulphur, lead and phosphorus