Ohilin-Hecksher
FY Taylor
Richardo
Porter
A. Ohilin-Hecksher
as a Greenfield venture.
to acquire an existing firm.
to have products marketed overseas.
to have management is overseas.
The extent to which an individual can move the strata to which he/she belongs.
The promptness with which an individual accepts foreign assignments.
The extent to which inter- caste marriage is encouraged by the society.
The extent to which the society as a whole shifts its habitat.
The World War I
The World War II
The Establishment of GATT
In 1913 when GDP was high
Income level.
caste.
education.
any of the above.
High level of inequality of power and wealth within the society
Low level of inequality of power and wealth within the society
High level of Political corruption
Low level of Human development Index
age of mass consumption.
age of mass production.
maturity.
drive to maturity.
Licensing
Exporting
Wholly owned subsidiaries
Foreign Direct Investment
attitude towards entrepreneurship.
gifting practices.
use of products.
all of the above.
Standardization v/s adaptation
Globalization v/s localization
Global integration v/s Local Responsiveness
Local responsiveness
FDI made by a group of firms.
FDI made in subsidiaries.
FDI made in similar products.
FDI made in unrelated products.
Male- female ratio in the country.
Society dominated by male members.
Society characterized by aggressive and materialistic behaviour.
War- ridden societies.
Imports
Exports
Imports and Exports
All of the above
GATT/WTO
GATS/IMF
WTO/WORLD BANK
WORLD BANK/WIPO
Proforma invoice
Purchase order
Sales contract
All the above
in the order specified.
in any order.
in the order specified, but certain stages may be skipped.
automatic.
Language
Laws, rules and regulations
Cost of resources
Infrastructure related factors
Countries specializing in production of goods they are best suited for.
Reduction in taxes.
Increased factor income.
Encouraging competition.
Investment of a very high value.
Investment in shares.
Investors influence on the management of the enterprise.
Investment of low value.
Can earn a return on knowledge asset
Will not create a competitor
Tight control of operations
All the above
Ohilin-Hecksher
FY Taylor
Richardo
Porter
Global
International
Multi-domestic
Transnational
Innovation is encouraged.
International cooperation is encouraged.
Imports are rendered cheap.
Consumption is minimized.
India
China
USA
Brazil
Services supplied from one country to another cross border supply
Transaction of goods across the border Export Import
Individuals traveling from own country to supply services in another presence of natural persons.
Consumers/firms making use of a service in another country consumption abroad.
Attitudes.
Beliefs.
Education.
Life expectancy.
existence of traditional rule.
non existence of industries.
predominance of agriculture.
complete absence of literacy.
Subsidiary
Joint venture
Strategic International Alliance
License agreement
Government action, exchange rates, competition and sociodemographic factors.
Market convergence, competition, exchange rates and cost advantages.
Cost advantages, government action, economic cycles and competition.
Market, cost, competition and government policies.
Market seeking FDI.
Efficiency seeking FDI.
Vertical FDI.
Created assets seeking FDI.
recession.
depression.
recovery.
recession or depression.