Standardization v/s adaptation
Globalization v/s localization
Global integration v/s Local Responsiveness
Local responsiveness
C. Global integration v/s Local Responsiveness
Culture is enduring.
Culture is changing.
Culture is evolved among the members of a society.
Culture is determined by national boundaries.
It will be detailed.
It will be shorter and less specific.
It will provide less severe damages.
It will be in detail.
Subsidiary
Joint venture
Strategic International Alliance
License agreement
The World War I
The World War II
The Establishment of GATT
In 1913 when GDP was high
credit risk.
political risk.
financial risk.
business risk.
Identifying key competitive forces; identifying competitive position; identifying key opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses.
Auditing macro environmental influences; identifying key competitive forces; identifying competitive position; identifying key opportunities and threats.
Auditing external and organisational factors; identifying key competitive forces; identifying competitive position; identifying key opportunities and threats.
Assessing historical trends; auditing environmental dangers; identifying strategic capabilities; identifying competitive position.
Services supplied from one country to another cross border supply
Transaction of goods across the border Export Import
Individuals traveling from own country to supply services in another presence of natural persons.
Consumers/firms making use of a service in another country consumption abroad.
Ohilin-Hecksher
FY Taylor
Richardo
Porter
USA
INDIA
CHINA
BRAZIL
At least one -third directors are foreign nationals
The company does 40% of its business in foreign markets
The overseas markets are larger than the domestic market
The affiliates are responsive tio a number of important environmental forces
Marketing.
All spheres of marketing, operation and finance simultaneously.
Any or all spheres of marketing, operation and finance.
Finance only.
earn a greater return from their skills and core competencies
realize location economies where they can be performed most efficiently
realize greater experience curve economies, which reduces the cost of production
All the above
Services supplied from one country to another cross border supply
Transaction of goods across the border Export Import
Individuals traveling from own country to supply services in another presence of natural persons.
Consumers/firms making use of a service in another country consumption abroad
Attitudes.
Beliefs.
Education.
Life expectancy.
Measures that affect trade in goods.
Measures that lead to restrictions on quantities.
Discouraging measures that limit a companys imports.
Discouraging measures that limit a companys exports.
Imports
Exports
Imports and Exports
All of the above
Particular products of country
Only attractive projects of the country
Only services industry products of the country
Overall exports of the country.
includes written communication.
has no place in international business.
includes body language.
should be learnt by business managers to communicate with foreigners.
Develop a long term view of strategy.
Build plausible views of different possible futures and develop a long term view of strategy.
Identify key drivers of change.
Develop a view of an environment which has a high degree of uncertainty, build plausible views of different possible futures and take a long term view of strategy.
Sight Draft.
Usance Draft
Demand draft
Pay Note
age of mass consumption.
age of mass production.
maturity.
drive to maturity.
Direct payments to farmers are permitted.
Indirect assistance and support to farmers including R & D support by govt. are not permitted
Domestic policies which directly effect on production and trade have to be cut back.
Least developed countries do not need to make any cuts.
Polycentric Approach
Regiocentric Approach
Ethnocentric Approach
Geocentric Approach
Government
Organized Trade union
Factor Conditions
Demand Conditions
Economic system
Political system
Social System
Cultural Attitudes
Conciliation.
Arbitration.
Negotiations.
Conciliation and arbitration.
lower than per capita GNI.
higher than per capita GNI.
same as per capita GNI.
may be lower or higher than per capita GNI.
different currencies
product quality
product mobility
trade policies
Emerging economy
Developed economy
Less developed economy
None of these
Encourage imports and exports
Encourage exports and discourage imports
Discourage imports
None of these