Global
International
Multi-domestic
Transnational
B. International
Global business.
Multinational business.
Transnational business.
Multi-regional business.
holidays.
language.
role of women.
marketing practices.
Same and equal economic treatment
Non-discriminatory treatment
Same tariff rates applicable
Uniform civil code
LOW
MODERATE
HIGH
VERY HIGH
Polycentric Approach
Regiocentric Approach
Ethnocentric Approach
Geocentric Approach
Government
Organized Trade union
Factor Conditions
Demand Conditions
Can earn a return on knowledge asset
Will not create a competitor
Tight control of operations
All the above
1993
1994
1995
1996
money supply.
money supply and interest rate.
money supply, interest rate and exchange rate.
credit creation by banks.
Ability to speak English; developed network of supporting industries; absence of competition; and low labour cost.
Abundant natural resources; skilled labour force; temperate climate; and democracy.
Factor conditions; demand conditions; related and supporting industries; and firm strategy, industry strategy and rivalry.
Strong sporting ethos; emphasis on individual achievement; strong national party in power; large home market.
lower than per capita GNI.
higher than per capita GNI.
same as per capita GNI.
may be lower or higher than per capita GNI.
Hofstedes five cultural dimensions
Monochromatic vs polychromatic tune
Communication
Geography
attitude towards entrepreneurship.
gifting practices.
use of products.
all of the above.
Income level.
caste.
education.
any of the above.
Services supplied from one country to another cross border supply
Transaction of goods across the border Export Import
Individuals traveling from own country to supply services in another presence of natural persons.
Consumers/firms making use of a service in another country consumption abroad.
existence of traditional rule.
non existence of industries.
predominance of agriculture.
complete absence of literacy.
credit risk.
political risk.
financial risk.
business risk.
GATT/WTO
GATS/IMF
WTO/WORLD BANK
WORLD BANK/WIPO
Asset seeking FDI.
Backward vertical FDI.
Forward vertical FDI.
Distribution FDI.
Place of origin of goods.
Special characteristics of the product associated with the place of origin.
Place and special characters of the product.
Place or special characters of the product.
Imports
Exports
Imports & exports
None of the above
Cultural Values
Society
Technology
Economy
The licensor might provide access to some of its patents or trademarks
The licensor might provide access to technology
It might be used to avoid the risks of foreign involvement
All of the above
different currencies
product quality
product mobility
trade policies
Sight Draft.
Usance Draft
Demand draft
Pay Note
Competitive theory
Porters Diamond Model
Theory of Mercantilism
Product life cycle theory
Emerging economy
Developed economy
Less developed economy
None of these
Can earn a return on knowledge asset
Will not create a competitor
Tight control of operations
All the above
as a Greenfield venture.
to acquire an existing firm.
to have products marketed overseas.
to have management is overseas.
age of mass consumption.
age of mass production.
maturity.
drive to maturity.