What is false concerning metanephric adenoma?
radiographically, it is indistinguishable from RCC
has a female predominance
has a benign clinical course
has a peak incidence in the third decade of life
Correct Answer :
D. has a peak incidence in the third decade of life
the peak incidence is in the fifth decade of life.
Related Questions
Regarding simple renal cysts, fluid attenuation on non-contrast CT series is:
< - 10 HU
< - 20 HU
< 10 HU
< 20 HU
What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?
hyperattenuating renal cyst
solitary renal cyst
uncomplicated renal cyst
focal renal cyst
What is the likelihood that simple renal cysts increase in size and number over time?
never
unlikely
likely
always
What is false concerning renal cancers?
papillary subtype of RCC has a tendency to multifocality
chromosome 13 alterations are common in the development of clear cell renal carcinoma
a solid mass on CT that enhances more than 15 HU is suggestive of RCC
bilateral involvement in RCC either synchronously or metachronously occurs in 2% to 4% of patients
The likelihood of malignancy in category IIF (indeterminate) renal cysts is:
20%
30%
40%
50%
What is false concerning metanephric adenoma?
radiographically, it is indistinguishable from RCC
has a female predominance
has a benign clinical course
has a peak incidence in the third decade of life
Which of the following factors is associated with increased survival in patients with metastatic kidney tumors?
physically active patients with good performance status
extirpation of the primary tumor
long disease-free interval between initial nephrectomy and the emergence of secondaries
all of the above
What is false concerning ADPKD patients?
hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation
might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis
typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties
hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life
d. melanoma
. The second most common RCC subtype is:
collecting duct b. clear cell
papillary
chromophobe
What is true regarding ADPKD patients?
progress to ESRD in the sixth decade of life
hypertension is seen in 80% of patients with ADPKD aged 20-34 years
aortic valve stenosis in 25%
manifestations are more significant in patients with the PKD2 genotype
What type of renal adenomas is a precursor to papillary RCC?
adenoma with clear cell
papillary adenoma
metanephric adenoma
none of the above
What is (are) the risk factor(s) for developing simple renal cysts?
male gender
hypertension
renal insufficiency
all of the above
The etiology of renal cysts includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
developmental cystic renal disease
inherited cystic renal disease
systemic disease with associated renal cysts
d. CT can detect renal vein involvement in 82-95% of cases and vena caval involvement in 95-100% of cases
. In RCC, ipsilateral adrenal metastasis occurs in:
0.3 - 2%
2 - 10%
11 - 18%
What type of Bosniak renal cysts accompanies tumor masses in 5% of cases?
I
II
III
IV
d. all of the above
. What is the most common histologic subtype of renal sarcomas?
rhabdomyosarcoma
nephrosarcoma
leiomyosarcoma
What is false regarding multiloculated cystic nephromas?
they follow a benign clinical course
they have a bimodal age distribution
they are more common in men than in women
none of the above
According to Fuhrmans classification system for nuclear grading in RCC, nuclear size of 20 μg with irregular outline and prominent nucleoli is grade:
1
2
3
4
What is (are) true regarding the etiology of medullary cystic kidney disease (MCKD)?
mutations in the MCKD1 (chromosome 1q21) gene
mutations in the MCKD2 (chromosome 16q12) gene
inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion
all of the above
d. hypertension
. Metastatic tumors to the kidney are common from all of the following organs, EXCEPT:
lungs
thyroid
breasts
After radical nephrectomy for organ-confined RCC, what is (are) the recommended surveillance radiologic examination(s)?
chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasonography every 3 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years
annual chest X-ray for 3 years
abdominal and chest CT every 6 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years
no radiological examination required
What is true regarding cancer incidence in renal cystic diseases?
is > 90% in Bosniak type IV renal cysts
in patients receiving renal transplants for polycystic kidney disease is 48% higher than that expected in the general population
all of the above
simple renal cysts might turn malignant in < 4% of cases
Routine metastatic evaluation in RCC cases should include all of the following, EXCEPT:
abdominal CT
chest X-ray
renal function test
liver function test
On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, the presence of multiple mitochondria observed on electron microscopy is diagnostic for:
renal oncocytoma
multiloculated cystic nephromas
metanephric adenoma
adenoma with clear cell
After radical nephrectomy, what is the 5-year survival rate for stage I RCC?
80%
85%
90%
95%
What is the most common cause of genetic ESRD in children?
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
multicystic dysplastic kidney disease
juvenile nephronophthisis
Fuhrmans grading system for renal cell carcinoma relies on:
nuclear size, outline, and nucleoli
cohesiveness and the degree of cellular atypia
chromatin structure and content of the interphase nucleus
multinucleation and mitosis
What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?
margin status and grade
tumor size
tumor stage
the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision
d. unilateral RCC with a functioning opposite kidney, but at risk for future impairment
. What is the relapse rate for completely resected RCC after radical nephrectomy?
1- 10%
10 - 20%
20 - 30%
What is false concerning end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
ARPKD accounts for 5% of ESRD in children
more than one-half of patients with ARPKD require kidney transplant before age 20 years
ADPKD is a common cause of ESRD
uncommonly, juvenile nephronophthisis causes ESRD in children