Yield point increases
Ductility decreases
Ultimate tensile strength increases
All of these
D. All of these
400°C to 600°C
600°C to 900°C
900°C to 1400°C
1400°C to 1530°C
Nichrome
Invar
Magnin
Elinvar
Strength
Stiffness
Brittleness
Toughness
Below 0.5 %
Below 1 %
Above 1 %
Above 2.2 %
Gamma iron (910° to 1400°C), Cu, Ag, Au, Al, Ni, Pb, Pt
Mg, Zn, Ti, Zr, Br, Cd
A iron (below 910°C and between 1400 to 1539°C), W
All of the above
In which parts are not loaded
In which stress remains constant on increasing load
In which deformation tends to loosen the joint and produces a stress reduced
Stress reduces on increasing load
0.025 %
0.26 %
0.8 %
1.7 %
Hot working
Tempering
Normalising
Annealing
13% carbon and 87% ferrite
13% cementite and 87% ferrite
13% ferrite and 87% cementite
6.67% carbon and 93.33% iron
770°C
910°C
1050°C
Below recrystallisation temperature
Shot peening
Nitriding of surface
Cold working
Surface decarburisation
Can be drawn into wires
Breaks with little permanent distortion
Can cut another metal
Can be rolled or hammered into thin sheets
Cobalt
Nickel
Vanadium
Iron
Blast furnace
Cupola
Open hearth furnace
Bessemer converter
Sulphur
Phosphorus
Manganese
Silicon
Relieve stresses
Harden steel slightly
Improve machining characteristic
Soften material
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anticorrosion properties
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Remain same
Decreases
Increases
None of these
Sulphur
Phosphorus
Manganese
Silicon
Mild steel
Alloy steel
High carbon
Tungsten steel
Decrease
Increase
Remain constant
First increase and then decrease
Soft and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Silver, copper, zinc
Silver, tin, nickel
Silver, lead, zinc
Silver, copper, aluminium
Hard
High in strength
Highly resistant to corrosion
Heat treated to change its properties
Stainless steel
High speed steel
Heat resisting steel
Nickel steel
Core defects
Surface defects
Superficial defects
Temporary defects
Amorphous material
Mesomorphous material
Crystalline material
None of these
50 : 50
30 : 70
70 : 30
40 : 60
Face centred cubic lattice
Body centred cubic lattice
Hexagonal close packed lattice
All of the above