Nichrome
Invar
Magnin
Elinvar
A. Nichrome
Lead base alloy
Copper base alloy
Tin base alloy
Cadmium base alloy
Carburising
Normalising
Annealing
Tempering
Wholly pearlite
Wholly austenite
Pearlite and ferrite
Pearlite and cementite
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 0.4 to 0.7% magnesium, 0.4 to 0.7% manganese and rest aluminium
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 1.2 to 1.7% manganese, 1.8 to 2.3% nickel, 0.6% each of silicon, magnesium and iron, and rest aluminium
4 to 4.5% magnesium, 3 to 4% copper and rest aluminium
5 to 6% tin, 2 to 3% copper and rest aluminium
Linear
Nonlinear
Plastic
No fixed relationship
Greater than 7
Equal to 7
Less than 7
pH value has nothing to do with basic solution
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anticorrosion properties
0.1 to 1.2%
1.5 to 2.5%
2.5 to 4%
4 to 4.5%
0.1 to 0.2 %
0.25 to 0.5 %
0.6 to 0.7 %
0.7 to 0.9 %
Nickel steel
Chrome steel
Nickel-chrome steel
Silicon steel
50 : 50
30 : 70
70 : 30
40 : 60
Dipping steel in cyanide bath
Reacting steel surface with cyanide salts
Adding carbon and nitrogen by heat treatment of steel to increase its surface hardness
Obtaining cyanide salts
Increase hardenability
Reduce machinability
Increase wear resistance
Increase endurance strength
60% copper and 40% beryllium
80% copper and 20% beryllium
97.75% copper and 2.25% beryllium
99% copper and 1% beryllium
400°C to 600°C
600°C to 900°C
900°C to 1400°C
1400°C to 1530°C
Silicon bronze
White metal
Monel metal
Phosphor bronze
Molecular change
Physical change
Allotropic change
Solidus change
Pig iron
Cast iron
Wrought iron
Steel
Low carbon steel
High carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
Chrome steel
Make the steel tougher and harder
Raise the yield point
Make the steel ductile and of good bending qualities
All of the above
Formation of bainite structure
Carburised structure
Martenistic structure
Lamellar layers of carbide distributed throughout the structure
Zinc, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, antimony and bismuth
Gamma iron, aluminium, copper, lead, silver and nickel
Alpha iron, tungsten, chromium and molybdenum
None of the above
65% nickel, 15% chromium and 20% iron
68% nickel, 29% copper and 3% other constituents
80% nickel and 20% chromium
80% nickel, 14% chromium and 6% iron
Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in compression
Ability to recover its original form
Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in tension
All of the above
Blast furnace
Cupola
Open hearth furnace
Bessemer converter
Tin, lead and small percentage of antimony
Tin and lead
Tin, lead and silver
Tin and copper
Brass
Bronze
Gun metal
Muntz metal
Does not effect
Lowers
Raises
None of these
Body centred cubic
Face centred cubic
Hexagonal close packed
Cubic structure
Spheroidal graphite cast iron with B.H.N. 400 and minimum tensile strength 15 MPa
Spheroidal graphite cast iron with minimum tensile strength 400 MPa and 15 percent elongation
Spheroidal graphite cast iron with minimum compressive strength 400 MPa and 15 percent reduction in area
None of the above