Decrease
Increase
Remain constant
First increase and then decrease
B. Increase
Tensile strength
Hardness
Ductility
Fluidity
Electroplating
Cyaniding
Induction hardening
Nitriding
Cast iron
Forged steel
Mild steel
High carbon steel
Sulphur
Vanadium
Tin
Zinc
Aluminium, copper etc.
Nickel, molybdenum etc.
Nickel, Copper, etc.
All of the above
Are used where ease in machining is the criterion
Contain carbon in free form
Require least cutting force
Do not exist
By adding magnesium to molten cast iron
By quick cooling of molten cast iron
From white cast iron by annealing process
None of these
Strength
Stiffness
Toughness
Brittleness
Copper
Chromium
Nickel
Silicon
Substitutional solution
Interstitial solid solution
Intermetallic compounds
All of the above
Soft and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
In a random manner
In a haphazard way
In circular motion
Back and forth like tiny pendulums
Aluminium
Tin
Zinc
Silver
0.025 %
0.26 %
0.8 %
1.7 %
0.02
0.1
02
0.4
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anticorrosion properties
Eutectic cast irons
Hypoeutectic cast irons
Hypereutectic cast irons
None of these
Nickel, copper and iron
Nickel, copper and zinc
Copper, nickel and antimony
Iron, zinc and bismuth
Tin, antimony, copper
Tin and copper
Tin and lead
Lead and zinc
Line defect
Surface defect
Point defect
None of these
Six
Twelve
Eighteen
Twenty
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
Calcined ore (8 parts), coke (4 parts) and limestone (1 part)
Calcined ore (4 parts), coke (1 part) and limestone (8 parts)
Calcined ore (1 part), coke (8 parts) and limestone (4 parts)
Calcined ore, coke and limestone all in equal parts
Decrease
Increase
Remain constant
First increase and then decrease
Improve machinability
Improve ductility
Improve toughness
Release stresses
Body centred cubic space lattice
Face centred cubic space lattice
Close packed hexagonal space lattice
None of these
94% aluminium, 4% copper and 0.5% Mn, Mg, Si and Fe
92.5% aluminium, 40% copper, 2% nickel, and 1.5% Mg
10% aluminium and 90% copper
90% magnesium and 9% aluminium with some copper
Grey cast iron, low carbon steel, wrought iron
Low carbon steel, grey cast iron, wrought iron
Wrought iron, low carbon steel, grey cast iron
Wrought iron, grey cast iron, low carbon steel
Mild steel
Alloy steel
High carbon
Tungsten steel
Boron steel
High speed steel
Stainless steel
Malleable cast iron