central zone
peripheral zone
transitional zone
periurethral glands
A. central zone
dehydration
myoglobinuria
high doses of vitamin C
all of the above
ureteral atresia
vesicoureteral reflux
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
ureteral duplication
retinal hemangioblastoma
ureteral atresia
pheochromocytomas
multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys
the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex
responses to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased renal blood flow
it causes pheochromocytoma
secretes aldosterone
degenerate after birth
called the caudal genital ligaments
help guide the testes down through the inguinal canals
represent undifferentiated mesenchyme
seminal vesicles
the prostate
testes
bulbourethral glands
hypercholesterolemia
hyperuricemia
hypoglycemia
hypercalcemia
intimal fibroplasia
medial fibroplasia
medial hyperplasia
serosal hyperplasia
the membranous
the bladder neck
the bulbous
the external urethral meatus
bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
pituitary over secretion of ACTH
exogenous administration of glucocorticoids
immune-mediated disease
pituitary adenoma
adrenal adenoma
Kallmann syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
oxalate
struvite
urate
cystine
increasing vaginal secretions
decreasing vaginal pH
increasing normal vaginal flora
decreasing bacterial adherence
central zone
peripheral zone
transitional zone
fibromuscular stroma
sterility is the rule
has a considerable short life span
treatment requires testicular microdissection and sperm extraction
47 XXY karyotype
occurs after acrosome reaction
entails removal of a glycoprotein layer
it is a biochemical event of sperm maturation
changes occur in the female genital tract
harder to catheterize when compared to the male urethra
4 inch long
opens into the vestibule below the clitoris
gets wider at the post-menopausal age
basal cells
intermediate cells
tubulo-columnar cells
neuroendocrine cells
cisplatin
ifosfamide
phosphomycin
amphotericin B
GnRH
testosterone
LH
FSH
ice slush
heparin
norepinephrine
methylene blue
vas deferens
seminal vesicles
appendix epididymis
appendix testis
infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast
seminoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
malignant melanoma
long-acting insulin
metformin
sulfonylurea
none of the above
median sacral artery
inferior phrenic arteries
gonadal arteries
all of the above
reflux to the upper pole ureter, obstruction to the lower pole ureter
reflux to the lower pole ureter, obstruction to the upper pole ureter
left ureteropelvic junction obstruction, right ureterocele
right ureteropelvic junction obstruction, left ureterocele
adduction
abduction
flexion
extension
increase in sympathetic discharge
contraction of ischiocavernosa and bulbocavernosa muscles
increase arterial flow and closure of emissary veins
shunting of blood from the dorsal to the central cavernosal artery
renal tuberculosis
urinary tract stones
interstitial cystitis
all of the above
sympathetic to the medulla
parasympathetic to the medulla
sympathetic to the cortex
parasympathetic to the cortex