hypercholesterolemia
hyperuricemia
hypoglycemia
hypercalcemia
C. hypoglycemia
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
150 ml
200 ml
250 ml
300 ml
cavernous nerves
dorsal nerves of the penis
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast
seminoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
malignant melanoma
vancomycin
cefotaxime
penicillin G
tobramycin
malignancy is identified in patients presenting with microhematuria more than in patients presenting with gross hematuria
microscopic hematuria is defined as > 3 red blood cells per high powered field (RBC/hpf) on a single specimen
warrants full hematuria workup
history of cigarette smoking is of significance
long arm of X chromosome
long arm of Y chromosome
short arm of Y chromosome
short arm of X chromosome
loop diuretics
thiazide diuretics
potassium sparing diuretics
osmotic diuretics
the renal pelvis could be intra or extra renal
the renal pelvis divides into 2 or 3 major calyces
major calyces divide into 2 or 3 minor calyces
unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired
the prostate gland
seminal vesicles
epididymi
bulbourethral glands
superior vesical artery
inferior vesical artery
superior gluteal artery
inferior gluteal artery
breasts
thyroids
lungs
liver
tamsulosin
doxazosin
dutasteride
alfuzosin
the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex
responses to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased renal blood flow
it causes pheochromocytoma
secretes aldosterone
retinal hemangioblastoma
ureteral atresia
pheochromocytomas
multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys
granular
hyaline
waxy
pigment
Denonvilliers fascia
prostatic fascia
levator fascia
all of the above
ice slush
heparin
norepinephrine
methylene blue
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
lower ureteral stricture
ureteral valve
modified Lich-Gregoire ureteral reimplantation
residual dilation of hydroureter
from early morning urine sample
comparing urine and serum calcium at a given time
performing 24 urine collection
from a mid-stream urine sample
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
finasteride
prazosin
silodosin
vardenafil
bound to sex hormone-binding globulin
free
bound to α1-antichymotrypsin
bound to albumin
Watson plexus
capsular arteries and veins
inferior vesical and midrectal vessels
Santorini plexus
ureteral atresia
vesicoureteral reflux
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
ureteral duplication
quadratus lumborum and diaphragm
psoas and diaphragm
psoas and latissimus dorsi
transversus abdominus and paraspinous
hoarseness of voice
enlargement of testes
appearance of axillary hair
change in body odor
opening of internal bladder sphincter
fall in urethral pressure
rise in intravesical pressure
cessation of sphincter EMG activity
are cross ectopic
are at their normal position
travel with the kidneys
undergo ischemic atrophy