What causes Cushing`s disease is:
bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
pituitary over secretion of ACTH
exogenous administration of glucocorticoids
immune-mediated disease
Correct Answer :
B. pituitary over secretion of ACTH
Cushing syndrome is a complex entity mostly occurs due to exogenous administration of steroids, while Cushing`s disease is typically due to pituitary over secretion of ACTH.
Related Questions
Which structure is a part of the renal hilum?
renal pelvis
branches of the renal artery
tributaries of renal vein
all of the above
What does make UTI more common in mid-aged females than in males?
short female urethra
pregnancy
vaginal colonization with enterobacteria
all the above
Which drug does NOT result in urinary retention?
terazosin, antihypertensive
benzodiazepines, psychotropic medicine
levodopa, anti-Parkinsonism medicine
brimonidine, glaucoma eye drops
At which week of gestation do the primordial germ cells migrate to form the genital ridges?
third
fourth
fifth
seventh
What is the most significant innervation of the vas deferens?
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
none of the above
Which innervations mediate detumescence?
cavernous nerves
dorsal nerves of the penis
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
Which action of thigh muscles could be impaired if the obturator nerve was injured during endoscopic resection of bladder tumors?
adduction
abduction
flexion
extension
Which statement is false concerning capacitation of spermatozoa?
occurs after acrosome reaction
entails removal of a glycoprotein layer
it is a biochemical event of sperm maturation
changes occur in the female genital tract
From where does the main parasympathetic efferent innervation to the pelvic plexus arise?
S1
S2-S4
T11-L2
L3-S1
The commonest neoplasms that metastasize to kidneys come from:
breasts
thyroids
lungs
liver
Which statement is true about the female urethra?
harder to catheterize when compared to the male urethra
4 inch long
opens into the vestibule below the clitoris
gets wider at the post-menopausal age
What is false concerning coagulase splitting bacteria (Griess) test?
it is a reduction reaction that converts nitrate to nitrite
nitrazine reagent papers are used to elicit the reaction
it is false negative in diluted urine, on taking vitamin C, and in gram +ve bacteria
the reaction takes 4 minutes to complete
Hematuria of glomerular origin is associated with:
significant proteinuria, dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts
glycosuria, eumorphic RBCs, WBC casts
hypercalciuria, eumorphic RBCs, granular casts
proteinuria, dysmorphic RBCs, hyaline casts
Which statement is false concerning the dipstick method for detecting hematuria?
depends on the ability of hemoglobin to oxidize a chromogen indicator
negative results need to be confirmed by microscopic examination
has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 75%
the presence of many epithelial cells suggests skin or vaginal contamination
How many days does spermatogenesis take in the man?
16
32
64
90
Which of the prostate medications could result in significant hypotension?
finasteride
prazosin
silodosin
vardenafil
Which disease is described best by the following manifestations: grand mal epilepsy, mental retardation, hypertension, angiomyolipoma, adenoma sebaceum, bilateral enlarged kidneys, and normal renal function?
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
von Hippel-Lindau disease
tuberous sclerosis
Sturge-Webber syndrome
Which type of urinary casts are solidified TammHorsfall mucoproteins secreted from the tubular epithelial cells of individual nephrons?
granular
hyaline
waxy
pigment
Which of the following is false regarding Addison`s disease?
autoimmune disease in 70% of the cases
diagnosed by the rapid ACTH stimulation test
characterized by low serum sodium and high potassium
may coexist with hyperthyroidism and diabetes mellitus
Where is the centre of reflex erection located at?
the brain cortex
the sacral cord
the lumbar cord
the hypothalamus
At which type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA), typically, potassium levels increase?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
Which statement is false concerning the gubernaculua?
degenerate after birth
called the caudal genital ligaments
help guide the testes down through the inguinal canals
represent undifferentiated mesenchyme
Branches of what artery travel under the endopelvic fascia form the prostate to the sidewall of the pelvis?
obturator artery
midrectal artery
inferior vesical artery
pudendal artery
What fascial layer(s) cover(s) the prostate?
Denonvilliers fascia
prostatic fascia
levator fascia
all of the above
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics may occur because of:
inherited chromosomal-mediated resistance
acquired chromosomal-mediated resistance
extrachromosomal-mediated resistance
all of the above
Which of the prostate medications could result in retrograde ejaculation?
tamsulosin
doxazosin
dutasteride
alfuzosin
The manifestations of autonomic dysreflexia include:
hypotension and tachycardia
hypotension and bradycardia
hypertension and tachycardia
hypertension and bradycardia
Which of the following is NOT a cause of hypocitraturia?
high protein diet
hypokalaemia
proximal renal tubular acidosis
idiopathic
What is the most significant complication of cyclosporine?
hepatic toxicity
renal toxicity
neural toxicity
cardiac toxicity
Which statement regarding post-obstructive diuresis (POD) is false?
urine production exceeding 200 ml/hr for 2 consecutive hours or producing greater than 3 L of urine in 24 hours is diagnostic of POD
pathologic POD can be exacerbated by excessive fluid replacement
the replacement fluid choice is ringer lactate
fluid resuscitation depends on the degree of dehydration