degenerate after birth
called the caudal genital ligaments
help guide the testes down through the inguinal canals
represent undifferentiated mesenchyme
A. degenerate after birth
finasteride
prazosin
silodosin
vardenafil
adduction
abduction
flexion
extension
hypercholesterolemia
hyperuricemia
hypoglycemia
hypercalcemia
inferior mesenteric artery
superior mesenteric artery
celiac artery
common iliac artery
at either side of the prostate
in the pubo-prostatic space
anterior to the seminal vesicles
posterior to the vaso-epididymal junction
at mid-day
at the hour of sleep
in the morning
late afternoon
occurs after acrosome reaction
entails removal of a glycoprotein layer
it is a biochemical event of sperm maturation
changes occur in the female genital tract
azoospermia; normal FSH; increase LH
azoospermia; decrease FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; increase FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; normal FSH; decrease LH
ejaculatory ducts
prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
bulbous urethra
it is the white secretion produced under the foreskin in males
it has a crucial role in penile cancer development
it contains lysozymes, chymotrypsin, neutrophil elastase and cytokines
female smegma can be found between the labia
urine production exceeding 200 ml/hr for 2 consecutive hours or producing greater than 3 L of urine in 24 hours is diagnostic of POD
pathologic POD can be exacerbated by excessive fluid replacement
the replacement fluid choice is ringer lactate
fluid resuscitation depends on the degree of dehydration
opening of internal bladder sphincter
fall in urethral pressure
rise in intravesical pressure
cessation of sphincter EMG activity
allopurinol
aminoglycosides
cimetidine
all of the above
α1-A
α2-A
α1-B
α2-B
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
uretero-pelvic junction
uretero-vesical junction
where ureters cross the pelvic brim
where ureters cross the common iliac bifurcation
vancomycin
clindamycin
streptomycin
tobramycin
16
32
64
90
perineal membrane
deep transverse perineal muscle
urethral sphincter
Camper`s fascia
increases semen volume
has antimicrobial activity
liquefies the seminal coagulum
decreases semen pH
150 ml
200 ml
250 ml
300 ml
programmed cell death
new vascular formation
uninhibited neural stimulation
premature muscular contraction
vancomycin
cefotaxime
penicillin G
tobramycin
hyperoxaluria
hypercalciuria
hyperuricosuria
hyperphosphateuria
reflux to the upper pole ureter, obstruction to the lower pole ureter
reflux to the lower pole ureter, obstruction to the upper pole ureter
left ureteropelvic junction obstruction, right ureterocele
right ureteropelvic junction obstruction, left ureterocele
degenerate after birth
called the caudal genital ligaments
help guide the testes down through the inguinal canals
represent undifferentiated mesenchyme
5α-reductase enzyme reduces testosterone to DHT
aromatase enzyme reduces testosterone to estrogen
PSA molecule binds to α1-antichymotrypsin and α2-macroglobulin
none of the above
ice slush
heparin
norepinephrine
methylene blue
has a limited cross-resistance with most common antibacterial agents
causes injection site reactions
is active against most uropathogens
is effective as a single-dose agent
bound to sex hormone-binding globulin
free
bound to α1-antichymotrypsin
bound to albumin