Antenatal sonography is the diagnostic tool for the following condition:
glomerulocystic kidney disease
developmental cystic renal disease
Juvenile nephronophthisis
medullary cystic kidney disease
Correct Answer :
B. developmental cystic renal disease
as early as 15 weeks of intra uterine life, ultrasonography demonstrates multiple variably sized, non-communicating renal cysts outlined by hyperechoic intervening renal parenchyma. Typically, ureters and renal pelvises are not visualized.
Related Questions
What is (are) the risk factor(s) for developing simple renal cysts?
male gender
hypertension
renal insufficiency
all of the above
In a localized RCC, local recurrence after tumor ablation therapy is managed by any of the following options, EXCEPT:
repeat ablation
active surveillance
salvage surgery
radical nephrectomy
d. unilateral RCC with a functioning opposite kidney, but at risk for future impairment
. What is the relapse rate for completely resected RCC after radical nephrectomy?
1- 10%
10 - 20%
20 - 30%
What is false concerning metanephric adenoma?
radiographically, it is indistinguishable from RCC
has a female predominance
has a benign clinical course
has a peak incidence in the third decade of life
Inherited renal cystic disease(s) include(s) the following:
glomerulocystic kidney disease (GCKD)
Juvenile nephronophthisis (JNPHP)
medullary cystic kidney disease
all of the above
After radical nephrectomy, what is the 5-year survival rate for stage I RCC?
80%
85%
90%
95%
What is the most common cause of genetic ESRD in children?
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
multicystic dysplastic kidney disease
juvenile nephronophthisis
Antenatal sonography is the diagnostic tool for the following condition:
glomerulocystic kidney disease
developmental cystic renal disease
Juvenile nephronophthisis
medullary cystic kidney disease
d. renal vein thrombi can be resected after incising the vein between 2 vascular clamps
. Manifestations of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with RCC include all of the following, EXCEPT:
anemia and erythrocytosis
hepatic dysfunction and elevated human chorionic gonadotropin levels
hypocalcemia
Which of the following factors is associated with increased survival in patients with metastatic kidney tumors?
physically active patients with good performance status
extirpation of the primary tumor
long disease-free interval between initial nephrectomy and the emergence of secondaries
all of the above
What is false concerning renal oncocytoma?
the central scar on CT or MRI, and the spoke-wheel pattern of vessels on angiograms are not specific to oncocytoma
calcification, necrosis, and hemorrhage are rare in oncocytomas
it is thought to arise from the basement membrane of proximal convoluted tubules
treatment is partial nephrectomy or tumor excision
On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, positive staining for human melanoma black (HMB)-45 is a distinctive and diagnostic feature for:
multiloculated cystic nephromas
angiomyolipoma
metanephric adenoma
adenoma with clear cell
On ultrasonography, what are the percentages of incidentally discovered renal masses that will later be malignant on further workup?
70 - 85%
55 - 70%
40 - 55%
25 - 40%
On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, the presence of multiple mitochondria observed on electron microscopy is diagnostic for:
renal oncocytoma
multiloculated cystic nephromas
metanephric adenoma
adenoma with clear cell
Which RCC subtype is most likely to benefit from targeted molecular therapy?
clear cell
chromophobe
papillary
renal medullary
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for RCC?
type II DM, especially in males
hypertension
obesity, especially in females
cigarette smoking
d. neurosarcoma
. What is false concerning targeted molecular therapy?
is a personalized medical therapy devised to meet each persons individual needs for cancer`s specifications
treats cancer by interrupting unique molecular abnormalities that drive cancer growth
some cancer types have different molecular targets
What is false concerning renal angiomyolipoma (AML)?
most lesions ≤ 4 cm are asymptomatic
renal masses with fat content is pathognomonic for AML
renal biopsy from AML carries a high risk of hemorrhage
may coexist with malignant lesions, such as sarcomas and RCCs
d. melanoma
. The second most common RCC subtype is:
collecting duct b. clear cell
papillary
chromophobe
What is the likelihood that Bosniak type III renal cysts accompany malignant masses?
never
unlikely
likely
always
In renal mass(es), the main indication to take a renal biopsy is the suspicion of:
papillary RCC
renal metastases
renal oncocytoma
renal xanthogranuloma
d. prior to kidney transplant
. What is an indication for radical nephrectomy?
a 6-cm, polar tumor
bilateral RCC
locally advanced RCC
What is true regarding cancer incidence in renal cystic diseases?
is > 90% in Bosniak type IV renal cysts
in patients receiving renal transplants for polycystic kidney disease is 48% higher than that expected in the general population
all of the above
simple renal cysts might turn malignant in < 4% of cases
What can NOT be a manifestation of a renal tumor?
right hydrocele
left varicocele
painless hematuria
hypertension
What is false concerning ADPKD patients?
hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation
might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis
typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties
hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life
What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?
margin status and grade
tumor size
tumor stage
the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision
d. CT can detect renal vein involvement in 82-95% of cases and vena caval involvement in 95-100% of cases
. In RCC, ipsilateral adrenal metastasis occurs in:
0.3 - 2%
2 - 10%
11 - 18%
Routine metastatic evaluation in RCC cases should include all of the following, EXCEPT:
abdominal CT
chest X-ray
renal function test
liver function test
d. 19 - 26%
. What is false regarding radical nephrectomy operation?
nodal involvement doesn`t influence prognosis
renal artery should be ligated before the vein to avoid kidney ballooning
cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest is performed in patients with supra-diaphragmatic tumor thrombi
Which of the following conditions carries the worst prognosis?
acquired cystic renal disease
juvenile nephronophthisis
medullary sponge kidney
bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney